Vibriosis outbreaks due to Vibrio ordalii occur globally, but Chilean salmon aquaculture, in particular, has suffered significant monetary losses in the last 15 years. Little is known about the virulence mechanisms employed by V. ordalii. However, most Vibrio pathogens (e.g., Vibrio anguillarum, a very close taxonomic species) present outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that are released extracellularly and implicated in the delivery of virulence factors to host cells. This study provides the first reported evidence of the fish pathogen V. ordalii producing and releasing OMVs under normal growth conditions. Analyses were conducted with the V. ordalii strain Vo-LM-18 and the type strain ATCC 33509T . For comparative purposes, the reference strain V. anguillarum ATCC 43307 was employed. The average size for the three Vibrio strains was 0.215 ± 0.6 µm (via scanning electron microscopy) or between 0.19 and 1.8 µm (via dynamic light scattering), with each bacterium presenting a wide range. SDS-PAGE revealed similarities in OMV patterns, but neither total nor external proteins were identical. Comparing V. ordalii ATCC 33509T and Vo-LM-18, bands were most evident in the total proteins, and the greatest degree of similarity in OMV profiles was between 37 and 50 kDa. The purified OMVs demonstrated haemolytic enzyme activity, which could play a role during V. ordalii infection. These data represent an initial step towards gaining new insights into this virulence factor, of which a lot is known in other pathogenic microorganisms.

中文翻译：

---

鱼类致病性霍乱弧菌外膜囊泡的鉴定和表征。

Ordalii弧菌引起的弧菌病暴发在全球范围内爆发，但在过去的15年中，尤其是智利鲑鱼养殖业遭受了巨大的经济损失。关于ordalii的毒力机制知之甚少。但是，大多数弧菌病原体（例如，弧菌弧菌，一种非常接近的分类学物种）均呈现出细胞外释放的外膜囊泡（OMV），并与向宿主细胞传递毒力因子有关。这项研究提供了第一个报告的证据，表明在正常生长条件下鱼类病原体ordalii产生和释放了OMV。用Ordalii菌株Vo-LM-18和ATCC 33509T型菌株进行了分析。为了比较，使用了参考菌株安圭拉弧菌ATCC 43307。三种弧菌菌株的平均大小为0.215±0。6微米（通过扫描电子显微镜）或0.19到1.8微米（通过动态光散射），每种细菌的分布范围很广。SDS-PAGE显示OMV模式相似，但总蛋白和外部蛋白均不相同。比较V. ordalii ATCC 33509T和Vo-LM-18，条带在总蛋白中最明显，并且OMV谱中最大程度的相似性在37至50 kDa之间。纯化的OMV表现出溶血酶活性，这可能在ordalii感染过程中起作用。这些数据代表迈出对该毒力因子获得新见解的第一步，在其他病原微生物中已知很多。SDS-PAGE显示OMV模式相似，但总蛋白和外部蛋白均不相同。比较V. ordalii ATCC 33509T和Vo-LM-18，条带在总蛋白中最明显，并且OMV谱中最大程度的相似性在37至50 kDa之间。纯化的OMV表现出溶血酶活性，这可能在ordalii感染过程中起作用。这些数据代表迈出对该毒力因子获得新见解的第一步，在其他病原微生物中已知很多。SDS-PAGE显示OMV模式相似，但总蛋白和外部蛋白均不相同。比较V. ordalii ATCC 33509T和Vo-LM-18，条带在总蛋白中最明显，并且OMV谱中最大程度的相似性在37至50 kDa之间。纯化的OMV表现出溶血酶活性，这可能在ordalii感染过程中起作用。这些数据代表迈出对该毒力因子获得新见解的第一步，在其他病原微生物中已知很多。这可能在ordalii感染中起作用。这些数据代表迈出对该毒力因子获得新见解的第一步，在其他病原微生物中已知很多。这可能在V. ordalii感染中起作用。这些数据代表迈出对该毒力因子获得新见解的第一步，在其他病原微生物中已知很多。