Engineered probiotics are the next generation of live biotherapeutics that have been genetically modified to target specific diseases. With the advancements in synthetic biology, the engineering of probiotics has become increasingly sophisticated which has led to the development of therapies for treating cancer, infection, metabolic disorders and inflammation, as well as for diagnosing and preventing them. Herein, we review some of the recent examples of probiotics which have been engineered to target such diseases. Although there are numerous examples of engineered probiotics showing efficacy in animal models, there are no approved products on the market with very few in clinical trials. Therefore, we also discuss a set of features that may be incorporated into engineered probiotics to aid in clinical translation and ultimately, realizing the potential of these biotherapeutics.

中文翻译：

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工程性益生菌用于治疗应用：最新实例和翻译展望。

工程益生菌是经过基因修饰以针对特定疾病的下一代生物治疗药物。随着合成生物学的进步，益生菌的工程学变得越来越复杂，这导致了用于治疗癌症，感染，代谢紊乱和炎症以及诊断和预防它们的疗法的发展。本文中，我们回顾了一些针对此类疾病而设计的益生菌的最新实例。尽管有许多工程益生菌在动物模型中显示功效的例子，但市场上还没有批准的产品，而在临床试验中却很少。因此，我们还讨论了可整合到工程益生菌中的一组功能，以帮助临床翻译，最终，