The objective of this research work was to investigate the kinetics of esterification of acetic acid with n‐butanol through the variation of experimental parameters. The reaction mixture was catalyzed heterogeneously by a sulfonated catalyst in batch mode of operation. The catalyst was prepared from abundantly available agro‐waste, Cajanus cajan husk by chemical activation process, which produces a carbon‐based solid catalyst with high surface area. The catalyst was characterized by a Brunauer‐Emmet‐Teller surface analyzer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to know the surface morphology. Process parameters such as contact time, reaction temperature, and catalyst loading, which can influence the extent of conversion of reactants, were studied. Furthermore, the kinetic investigation was also carried out to estimate the kinetic parameters for uncatalyzed and catalyzed reaction using the second‐order pseudo‐homogeneous (P‐H), Eley‐Rideal (E‐R), and Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (LH) kinetic models for this research work. The kinetic parameters such as activation energy, preexponential factor, and the thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy and entropy were estimated for uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions using these three models. The process conditions were optimized for catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions to obtain the maximum product yield by minimizing root mean square error of each experimental data using the MS‐excel solver tool. Thus, this study reveals the high potential of an agro‐waste, Cajanus cajan husk as raw material for the synthesis of catalyst. The results show that the E‐R model is more appropriate for predicting the dynamic data of an esterification reaction, as the forward rate of reaction estimated using the E‐R model are more modified than P‐H and L‐H models.

中文翻译：

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碳化农业废料催化乙酸与正丁醇酯化的动力学

这项研究工作的目的是通过改变实验参数来研究乙酸与正丁醇酯化的动力学。反应混合物在间歇操作模式下被磺化催化剂非均相催化。催化剂由大量可利用的农业废料Cajanus cajan制备通过化学活化过程脱壳，产生具有高表面积的碳基固体催化剂。通过Brunauer-Emmet-Teller表面分析仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱对催化剂进行了表征，以了解其表面形态。研究了可能影响反应物转化程度的工艺参数，如接触时间，反应温度和催化剂负载量。此外，还进行了动力学研究，以使用二阶拟均相（P-H），Eley-Rideal（E-R）和Langmuir-Hinshelwood（LH）动力学估算未催化和催化反应的动力学参数。这项研究工作的模型。动力学参数，例如活化能，指数前因子，并使用这三种模型估算了未催化和催化反应的热力学参数（例如焓和熵）。通过使用MS-excel求解器工具最小化每个实验数据的均方根误差，针对催化和非催化反应优化了工艺条件，以获得最大的产物收率。因此，这项研究揭示了农业废料的巨大潜力，Cajanus cajan壳为原料，用于合成催化剂。结果表明，E‐R模型更适合预测酯化反应的动态数据，因为使用E‐R模型估算的反应的正向反应速率比P‐H和L‐H模型具有更大的改进性。