Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), affecting patients of all ages, causing neurologic disability if inadequately treated. Some patients have a relatively benign disease course without significant disability after decades, while a more aggressive course ensues in others and disability progression occurs after only several years. Certain risk factors confer a higher chance of a patient having aggressive MS. Currently over 15 disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) are approved for MS with different efficacy and safety profiles. Deciding which DMT to use in a specific patient requires a careful analysis of a patient’s disease course for high-risk factors for early progression, consideration of the efficacy and safety profile for potential therapy, as well as understanding of a patient’s lifestyle and expectations. The integration of these factors is the art of precision medicine, a necessary practice in the treatment of patients with MS.

中文翻译：

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多发性硬化症诊所的精准医疗：选择正确的患者进行正确的治疗

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种慢性中枢神经系统 (CNS) 炎症性疾病，影响所有年龄段的患者，如果治疗不当会导致神经功能障碍。一些患者的病程相对良性，几十年后没有显着的残疾，而另一些患者的病程会更加激进，并且仅在几年后就会出现残疾进展。某些风险因素使患者患侵袭性 MS 的机会更高。目前，超过 15 种疾病缓解疗法 (DMT) 被批准用于 MS，具有不同的疗效和安全性。决定在特定患者中使用哪种 DMT 需要仔细分析患者病程中早期进展的高风险因素，考虑潜在治疗的疗效和安全性，以及了解患者的生活方式和期望。这些因素的整合是精准医学的艺术，是治疗 MS 患者的必要实践。