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Potentiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon uptake in zebrafish embryos by nanoplastics
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-14 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00163e Yueyang Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4 , Greg G. Goss 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-14 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00163e Yueyang Zhang 1, 2, 3, 4 , Greg G. Goss 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation
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The presence of microplastics in the environment and their potential effects on the health of organisms are a subject of great concern. However, with further weathering through UV radiation, mechanical force, and microbiological activity, most of these microplastics will degrade into nano-sized particles with exponentially higher specific surface areas compared to microplastics. Moreover, given that the hydrophobic surface of plastics adsorbs hydrophobic persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the possibility of nano-sized plastic particles potentiating POP sorption has been postulated. We developed a novel radiotracer-based method to investigate the sorption of a model POP, phenanthrene, onto the surface of two different-sized polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs). Using radiotracer analysis, we compared the transport and uptake of 14C-phenanthrene in zebrafish embryos with two different plastic particle sizes. We also evaluated whether nano-sized plastics altered the toxicity of phenanthrene and the acute sub-lethal responses to phenanthrene in zebrafish embryos. Our results demonstrate that 20 nm PS-NPs have higher sorption capacity for phenanthrene due to increased total surface area per gravimetric mass. Moreover, we demonstrate increased phenanthrene across the chorion and into zebrafish embryos with nano-sized plastics when compared to sub-micron sized plastics. Co-exposure to nano-sized plastics and phenanthrene delayed hatching and induced higher EROD activity in zebrafish embryos when compared to sub-micron sized plastics. The results of our study demonstrate that nano-sized plastics facilitate the transport and uptake of hydrophobic organic pollutants and increase both their bioavailability and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.
中文翻译：
纳米塑料增强斑马鱼胚胎中多环芳烃的吸收
环境中存在的微塑料及其对生物健康的潜在影响是一个非常令人关注的问题。然而，随着通过紫外线辐射，机械力和微生物活性的进一步风化，与微塑料相比，这些微塑料中的大多数将降解为纳米级颗粒，比表面积呈指数增长。此外，考虑到塑料的疏水性表面吸附了疏水性持久性有机污染物（POPs），已经提出了纳米级塑料颗粒增强POP吸附的可能性。我们开发了一种新型的基于放射性示踪剂的方法，以研究模型POP，菲在两种不同尺寸的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NP）表面上的吸附。使用放射性示踪剂分析，我们比较了14具有两个不同塑料粒径的斑马鱼胚胎中的C-菲。我们还评估了纳米塑料是否改变了斑马鱼胚胎中菲的毒性以及对菲的急性亚致死反应。我们的结果表明，由于增加的每重量质量总表面积，20 nm PS-NP具有更高的菲吸附能力。此外，与亚微米级塑料相比，我们证明了在整个绒毛膜和进入斑马鱼胚胎中的菲都具有纳米级塑料。与亚微米级塑料相比，纳米级塑料和菲的共同暴露会延迟孵化并在斑马鱼胚胎中诱导更高的EROD活性。
更新日期：2020-06-18
中文翻译：
纳米塑料增强斑马鱼胚胎中多环芳烃的吸收
环境中存在的微塑料及其对生物健康的潜在影响是一个非常令人关注的问题。然而，随着通过紫外线辐射，机械力和微生物活性的进一步风化，与微塑料相比，这些微塑料中的大多数将降解为纳米级颗粒，比表面积呈指数增长。此外，考虑到塑料的疏水性表面吸附了疏水性持久性有机污染物（POPs），已经提出了纳米级塑料颗粒增强POP吸附的可能性。我们开发了一种新型的基于放射性示踪剂的方法，以研究模型POP，菲在两种不同尺寸的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NP）表面上的吸附。使用放射性示踪剂分析，我们比较了14具有两个不同塑料粒径的斑马鱼胚胎中的C-菲。我们还评估了纳米塑料是否改变了斑马鱼胚胎中菲的毒性以及对菲的急性亚致死反应。我们的结果表明，由于增加的每重量质量总表面积，20 nm PS-NP具有更高的菲吸附能力。此外，与亚微米级塑料相比，我们证明了在整个绒毛膜和进入斑马鱼胚胎中的菲都具有纳米级塑料。与亚微米级塑料相比，纳米级塑料和菲的共同暴露会延迟孵化并在斑马鱼胚胎中诱导更高的EROD活性。
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