Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in tissue homeostasis, cellular signaling, differentiation, and survival. In this review, we discuss the types ofROS, their impact on cellular processes, and their pro- and antitumorigenic effects. Further, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in tumorigenic processes. Finally, wediscuss how aberrant activation of antioxidant programs by the transcription factor NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) influences tumorigenesis and metastasis, and where the current gaps in our knowledge remain.

中文翻译：

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癌症中抗氧化剂和ROS之间的复杂相互作用。

活性氧（ROS）在组织动态平衡，细胞信号传导，分化和存活中起重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了ROS的类型，它们对细胞过程的影响以及它们的促癌和抗肿瘤作用。此外，我们讨论了在致瘤过程中对内源性和外源性抗氧化剂的了解方面的最新进展。最后，我们讨论了转录因子NFE2相关因子2（NRF2）对抗氧化剂程序的异常激活如何影响肿瘤的发生和转移，以及我们目前的知识差距仍然存在。