Abstract In this work, we investigate structural, optical and magnetic properties of Zn0·96V0·04O (ZnV4), Zn0·92V0.04Gd0.04O (ZnV4Gd4) and Zn0·88V0.04Gd0.08O (ZnV4Gd8) nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel. In our protocol, the water has been slowly released following an esterification reaction, then, this solution was dried under supercritical conditions of ethyl alcohol and heat treatment in air at 500 °C for 2 h. The structural properties showed that the obtained samples have a wurtzite structure with a crystallite size around 25 nm and a secondary phase has been detected, attributed to a vanadium complex. By increasing the doping concentration of Gd, the band gap energy decreased. Photoluminescence (PL) shows that doping with Gd causes the creation of some defects in the band gap of ZnO. Magnetic measurements at room temperature showed a ferromagnetic behavior after doping.

中文翻译：

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Gd 共掺杂 ZnO:V 纳米粒子的合成、结构、光学和磁性能

摘要 在这项工作中，我们研究了溶胶-凝胶法合成的 Zn0·96V0·04O (ZnV4)、Zn0·92V0.04Gd0.04O (ZnV4Gd4) 和 Zn0·88V0.04Gd0.08O (ZnV4Gd8) 纳米粒子的结构、光学和磁性能。 . 在我们的协议中，水在酯化反应后缓慢释放，然后，该溶液在乙醇的超临界条件下干燥，并在 500°C 的空气中热处理 2 小时。结构特性表明，获得的样品具有纤锌矿结构，晶粒尺寸约为 25 nm，并检测到第二相，归因于钒配合物。通过增加 Gd 的掺杂浓度，带隙能量降低。光致发光 (PL) 表明掺杂 Gd 会导致在 ZnO 的带隙中产生一些缺陷。