Pleurodires are less diverse than cryptodires, together forming the two major lineages of crown turtles. Their fossil record, however, is rich. A particularly large number of fossil pleurodires, many belonging to the Podocnemidoidae, has been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Bauru Group outcrops of south‐central Brazil. Herein we describe an additional pleurodire from this region, Amabilis uchoensis gen. et sp. nov., based on a partially preserved skull. A. uchoensis is recognized as belonging to the Podocnemidoidae by the small entrance to the antrum postoticum and completely developed cavum pterygoidei, being unique among other non‐podocnemidid podocnemidoids for its medially open fenestra postotica and absent basioccipital–opisthotic contact. Our cladistic analysis places A. uchoensis as a sister taxon to Hamadachelys + other podocnemidoids. We further explore the neuroanatomy of side‐necked turtles with the aid of micro‐computed tomography of specimens of the main pleurodiran lineages. Our data shed light on the different carotid circulation patterns in pleurodires, and we propose new phylogenetic characters to describe the neuroanatomical variation of the group. Optimization of these characters shows two independent acquisitions of a foramen for the palatal branch of the carotid in chelids and podocnemidoids, and a unique loss of the vidian nerve canal in chelids, in turtles in general.

中文翻译：

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来自巴西白垩纪晚期的小足类神经纲动物（Pleurodira，Pelomedusoides），以及侧颈龟的神经支配和颈动脉循环

杏鲍菇的多样性比隐藻少，它们共同构成了冠龟的两个主要血统。但是，他们的化石记录丰富。从巴西中南部的上白垩统包鲁群露头中发现了大量的化石胸膜化石，其中许多属于虎皮纲科。在本文中，我们描述了该地区的另一种胸膜，Amabilis uchoensis gen。等。十一月，基于部分保留的头骨。uchoensis被认为是齿doc科的一小部分，进入齿状窦，并完全发育了翼状pt肉，在其他非齿doc科的齿doc科动物中是独特的，因为其内侧开放的窗扇齿状齿状突和没有枕骨-骨科的接触。我们的分类分析地点拟南芥（A. uchoensis）作为Hamadachelys 和其他Podocnemidoids的姐妹分类单元。我们将通过对主要胸膜肺血统标本的显微计算机断层扫描技术，进一步探讨侧颈海龟的神经解剖学。我们的数据揭示了胸膜脏中不同的颈动脉循环模式，并且我们提出了新的系统发育特征来描述该组的神经解剖学变异。对这些特征的优化显示，一般在龟中两次独立获得颈动脉and足和十二指肠类动物的颈the pa孔，并且在龟中独特地丧失了vi神经管。