We here describe the first Neogene record of the squamate clade Mabuyidae. Although this clade has a cosmopolitan distribution today, no pre‐Quaternary fossil record of these reptiles has so far been documented. The material comes from the locality Solnechnodolsk (Russia) and is dated to the late Miocene (MN 13). Although it comprises only jaw elements, it constitutes the first evidence of the occurrence of fossil skinks around the area of the Black Sea. The material is identical to Heremites vittatus, showing the existence of this lineage as early as the late Miocene. Thus, it may be used as a potential calibration point for further studies. The comparative anatomy of the structures of lower jaw in selected scincomorph taxa with a special reference to Mabuya group is presented. The closure of the Meckelian canal is the condition at the basal node of the clade Sphenomorphidae + Eugongylidae + Egerniidae + Mabuyidea, whereas the closed canal in Acontias (Acontidae) evolved independently. However, Sphenomorphidae (Asymblepharus and Scincella) + Eugongylidae (Ablepharus) retain a large anterior opening of the Meckelian canal, whereas only a small opening characterizes the basal node of Egerniidae and Mabuyidae, except for H. vittatus and H. septemtaeniatus. The closure of the Meckelian canal in these two taxa is less well developed in comparison with other mabuyid skinks. Thus, a heterochronic pedomorphic process might have played a role in the evolution of these skinks. The Meckelian canal condition supports the monophyly of Heremites.

中文翻译：

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Mabuyidae进化前的第一个化石记录，并评论了石龙子中Meckelian运河的围封

我们在这里描述鳞状进化枝Mabuyidae的第一个Neogene记录。尽管如今该进化枝分布于世界各地，但迄今为止，尚未记录到这些爬行动物的第四纪前化石记录。该材料来自当地的Solnechnodolsk（俄罗斯），可追溯到中新世晚期（MN 13）。尽管它仅包含颌骨元素，但它是黑海地区周围出现化石石皮的第一个证据。该材料与赫米特人一样，表明该世系最早存在于中新世晚期。因此，它可用作进一步研究的潜在校准点。选定的弯尾类群中下颌结构的比较解剖学，特别是对Mabuya的参考小组提出了。Meckelian运河的封闭是枝形蝶科+ Eugongylidae + Egerniidae + Mabuyidea的基部结的条件，而Acontias（Acontidae）的封闭运河则是独立进化的。然而，Sphenomorphidae（Asymblepharus和Scincella）+ Eugongylidae（Ablepharus）保留Meckelian管的大的前开口，而只有一小开口表征Egerniidae和Mabuyidae的基节点，除了H. vittatus和H. septemtaeniatus。与其他马布伊德突袭者相比，这两个分类群中的麦克尔运河的封闭发展较差。因此，异时变质过程可能在这些石龙子的进化中发挥了作用。麦克尔的运河条件支持赫里米特人的一夫一妻制。