Declines in Arctic sea ice cover are influencing the distribution of protected endemic marine mammals, many of which are important for local Indigenous Peoples, and increasing the presence of potentially disruptive industrial activities. Due to increasing conservation concerns, we conducted the first year‐round acoustic monitoring of waters off Gambell and Savoonga (St. Lawrence Island, Alaska), and in the Bering Strait to quantify vocalizing presence of bowhead whales, belugas, walruses, bearded seals, and ribbon seals. Bottom‐mounted archival acoustic recorders collected data for up to 10 months per deployment between 2012 and 2016. Spectrograms were analyzed for species‐typical vocalizations, and daily detection rates and presence/absence were calculated. Generalized additive models were used to model call presence as a function of time‐of‐year, sea surface temperature, and sea ice concentration. We identified seasonality in call presence for all species, corroborating previous acoustic and distribution studies, and identified finer‐scale spatiotemporal distribution via occurrence of call presence between different monitoring sites. Time‐of‐year was the strongest significant effect on call presence for all species. These data provide important information on Arctic endemic species' spatiotemporal distributions in biologically and culturally important areas within a rapidly changing Arctic region.

中文翻译：

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白令海北部北极海洋哺乳动物声学检测的季节性变化

北极海冰覆盖的下降正在影响受保护的地方海洋哺乳动物的分布，其中许多对当地土著人民很重要，并增加了潜在破坏性工业活动的存在。由于越来越多的保护问题，我们对Gambell和Savoonga（阿拉斯加的圣劳伦斯岛）以及白令海峡的水域进行了为期一年的声学监测，以定量分析弓头鲸，白鲸，海象，胡须，海豹，和丝带密封。在2012年至2016年之间，底部安装的档案声学记录器每次部署最多收集10个月的数据。分析了频谱图以分析典型的声音，并计算了每日检出率和有无。使用通用的加性模型来模拟呼叫存在与时间的函数，海面温度和海冰浓度。我们确定了所有物种的呼叫存在的季节，证实了先前的声学和分布研究，并通过在不同监视站点之间发生呼叫存在来确定了更精细的时空分布。一年中的时间对所有物种的通话状态影响最大。这些数据提供了有关北极特有物种在迅速变化的北极地区生物学和文化上重要地区的时空分布的重要信息。一年中的时间对所有物种的通话状态影响最大。这些数据提供了有关北极特有物种在迅速变化的北极地区生物学和文化上重要地区的时空分布的重要信息。一年中的时间对所有物种的通话状态影响最大。这些数据提供了有关北极特有物种在迅速变化的北极地区内生物学和文化上重要地区的时空分布的重要信息。