Xylose is a second‐most abounded sugar after glucose in lignocellulosic hydrolysates and should be efficiently fermented for economically viable second‐generation ethanol production. Despite significant progress in metabolic and evolutionary engineering, xylose fermentation rate of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae remains lower than that for glucose. Our recent study demonstrated that peroxisome‐ deficient cells of yeast Ogataea polymorpha showed a decrease in ethanol production from xylose. In this work, we have studied the role of peroxisomes in xylose alcoholic fermentation in the engineered xylose‐utilizing strain of S. cerevisiae . It was shown that peroxisome‐less pex3Δ mutant possessed 1.5‐fold decrease of ethanol production from xylose. We hypothesized that peroxisomal catalase Cta1 may have importance for hydrogen peroxide, the important component of reactive oxygen species, detoxification during xylose alcoholic fermentation. It was clearly shown that CTA1 deletion impaired ethanol production from xylose. It was found that enhancing the peroxisome population by modulation the peroxisomal biogenesis by overexpression of PEX34 activates xylose alcoholic fermentation.

中文翻译：

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过氧化物酶体在酿酒酵母中的木糖酒精发酵中的作用。

木糖是木质纤维素水解产物中仅次于葡萄糖的第二多的糖，应进行有效发酵以生产经济可行的第二代乙醇。尽管在代谢和进化工程方面取得了重大进展，但是重组酿酒酵母的木糖发酵速率仍然低于葡萄糖。我们最近的研究表明，过氧化物酶-酵母的缺陷细胞Ogataea属多形显示从木糖生产乙醇的下降。在这项工作中，我们研究了过氧化物酶体在酿酒酵母工程木糖利用菌株中的木糖酒精发酵中的作用。结果表明，无过氧化物酶体的pex3Δ该突变体的木糖乙醇产量降低了1.5倍。我们假设过氧化物酶体过氧化氢酶Cta1可能对过氧化氢具有重要意义，过氧化氢是活性氧的重要组成部分，在木糖酒精发酵过程中具有排毒作用。清楚地表明，CTA1缺失会损害木糖的乙醇生产。已经发现通过通过过表达PEX34来调节过氧化物酶体生物合成来增强过氧化物酶体种群，可以激活木糖醇发酵。