Key to the success of orangutan conservation management practices is the prevention of the introduction of infectious diseases to the remaining populations. Previous reports of Entamoeba spp. positive orangutans are of concern as Entamoeba spp. infection has been linked to morbidity and mortality in primates. It remains to be determined if the Entamoeba species infecting orangutans is the pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica. Orangutan fecal samples have been collected from orangutans from sites in Sumatra (Bukit Lawang, Ketambe, and Suaq, 241 samples from 64 individuals), and two sites in Kalimantan (Sebangau and Tuanan, 129 samples from 39 individuals). All samples were from wild orangutans except for a proportion from Sumatra which were from semi-wild (108 samples, 10 individuals). E. histolytica-specific nested PCR assays were carried out on the fecal samples. A total of 36 samples from 17 individuals tested positive for E. histolytica. When compared with published sequences using NCBI BLAST the E. histolytica positive samples showed a 98-99% concordance. The majority (76%, n = 36) of the positive isolates came from semi-wild orangutans in Bukit Lawang. This study supports the growing body of evidence that contact with humans is an important risk factor for infection of wild primates with E. histolytica.

中文翻译：

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苏门答腊和加里曼丹野生和半野生猩猩的溶组织性变形杆菌感染。

猩猩保护管理实践成功的关键是防止传染病传染给其余人群。Entamoeba spp的以前的报告。阳性的猩猩作为Entamoeba spp受到关注。感染与灵长类动物的发病率和死亡率有关。感染猩猩的变形杆菌属是否是致病性变形杆菌。猩猩粪便样本是从苏门答腊的地点（Bukit Lawang，Kemtambe和Suaq，来自64个个体的241个样本）和加里曼丹的两个地点（Sebangau和Tuanan，来自39个个体的129个样本）中的猩猩收集的。所有样品均来自野生猩猩，除了来自苏门答腊的一部分来自半野生（108个样品，10个个体）。E．在粪便样品上进行了组织溶菌特异性的巢式PCR分析。来自17个个体的总共36个样品检测到溶血性大肠杆菌。与使用NCBI BLAST公布的序列进行比较时，溶组织性大肠杆菌阳性样品显示出98-99％的一致性。阳性菌中的大多数（76％，n = 36）来自武吉拉旺的半野生猩猩。这项研究支持越来越多的证据表明，与人接触是感染溶血性大肠杆菌的野生灵长类动物的重要危险因素。