Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) can reduce traffic congestion and accidents. In dense traffic flow conditions and when changing lanes, drivers prefer to deactivate the ACC. These control transitions between automation and manual driving could impact driver behaviour characteristics. However, few studies have analysed the magnitude and duration of these adaptations. This research aims at quantifying the adaptations in speed, acceleration, distance headway and relative speed when drivers resume manual control. We collected driver behaviour data in an on-road experiment with full-range ACC during peak hours in Munich. We analysed these data using linear mixed-effects models to identify statistically significant changes in driver behaviour characteristics after drivers resumed manual control (transition period). The results reveal that the speed decreased significantly after the system was deactivated and it increased significantly after the system was overruled by pressing the gas pedal. These adaptations might have a substantial impact on traffic efficiency and safety.

中文翻译：

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从全范围自适应巡航控制到手动驾驶的控制过渡期间驾驶员行为特征的适应性：一项道路研究

自适应巡航控制 (ACC) 可以减少交通拥堵和事故。在密集的交通流量条件下和变换车道时，驾驶员更喜欢停用 ACC。自动驾驶和手动驾驶之间的这些控制转换可能会影响驾驶员的行为特征。然而，很少有研究分析这些适应的幅度和持续时间。本研究旨在量化驾驶员恢复手动控制时速度、加速度、车头距离和相对速度的适应性。我们在慕尼黑的高峰时段使用全范围 ACC 进行了道路试验，收集了驾驶员行为数据。我们使用线性混合效应模型分析了这些数据，以识别驾驶员恢复手动控制（过渡期）后驾驶员行为特征的统计显着变化。结果表明，系统停用后速度显着下降，而通过踩下油门踏板否决系统后速度显着增加。这些调整可能会对交通效率和安全产生重大影响。