Abstract Severe typhoon Rammasun (2014) was strengthened (super typhoon) in the east of the Leizhou Peninsula before moving into the Beibu Gulf. This study used the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method to analyze the spatiotemporal variations in the sea surface wind (SSW), surface level anomaly (SLA), sea surface temperature (SST), mixed layer depth (MLD) and precipitation of the SCS. The study found that this typhoon had a significant influence on the SSW, SLA, SST, MLD and precipitation changes. During the typhoon Rammasun, the spatial distribution of precipitation showed obvious ‘left-hand-side intensification’ relative to the typhoon track. However, the SST decreased rapidly, and cooling showed a clear ‘right-hand-side intensification’, and two cyclonic eddies in the southwestward were observed from the mode of EOF-1 of the SLA. The spatiotemporal variations of SST, MLD, SLA, SSW and precipitation during the period of super typhoon Rammasun were excellently reflected by the EOF method. The variabilities of SST, MLD, SLA, SSW and precipitation in the SCS during the typhoon period and the relationship between the variabilities were further analyzed.

中文翻译：

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超强台风Rammasun (2014) 期间南海上层水动力特征的变化

摘要 强台风“拉姆马松”（2014）在雷州半岛东部增强（超强台风）后进入北部湾。本研究采用经验正交函数（EOF）方法分析了南海海面风（SSW）、海面异常（SLA）、海面温度（SST）、混合层深度（MLD）和降水的时空变化。 . 研究发现，此次台风对SSW、SLA、SST、MLD和降水变化有显着影响。台风“拉姆马松”期间，降水空间分布相对于台风路径呈现明显的“左旋强化”。但海温迅速下降，冷却呈现明显的“右手侧强化”，从海平面的EOF-1模态观察到西南方向的两个气旋涡旋。EOF方法很好地反映了超级台风Rammasun期间SST、MLD、SLA、SSW和降水的时空变化。进一步分析了台风期间南海SST、MLD、SLA、SSW和降水的变化及其间的关系。