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Traveling to thermal refuges during stressful temperatures leads to foraging constraints in a central-place forager
Journal of Mammalogy ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-13 , DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz197
Catherine G Haase 1, 2, 3 , Robert J Fletcher 4 , Daniel H Slone 3 , James P Reid 3 , Susan M Butler 3
Affiliation  

Central-place foragers can be constrained by the distance between habitats. When an organism relies on a central place for thermal refuge, the distance to food resources can potentially constrain foraging behavior. We investigated the effect of distance between thermal refuges and forage patches of the cold-intolerant marine mammal, the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), on foraging duration. We tested the alternative hypotheses of time minimization and energy maximization as a response to distance between habitats. We also determined if manatees mitigate foraging constraints with increased visits to closer thermal refuges. We used hidden Markov models to assign discrete behaviors from movement parameters as a function of water temperature and assessed the influence of distance on foraging duration in water temperatures above (> 20°C) and below (≤ 20°C) the lower critical limit of the thermoneutral zone of manatees. We found that with increased distance, manatees decreased foraging duration in cold water temperature and increased foraging duration in warmer temperatures. We also found that manatees returned to closer thermal refuges more often. Our results suggest that the spatial relationship of thermal and forage habitats can impact behavioral decisions regarding foraging. Addressing foraging behavior questions while considering thermoregulatory behavior implicates the importance of understanding changing environments on animal behavior, particularly in the face of current global change.

中文翻译:

在压力大的温度下前往热避难所导致中心觅食者的觅食限制

中心位置的觅食者可能会受到栖息地之间距离的限制。当生物体依赖于热避难所的中心位置时,与食物资源的距离可能会限制觅食行为。我们调查了不耐寒海洋哺乳动物佛罗里达海牛 (Trichechus manatus latirostris) 的热避难所和饲料斑块之间的距离对觅食持续时间的影响。我们测试了时间最小化和能量最大化的替代假设,作为对栖息地之间距离的响应。我们还确定海牛是否通过增加对更近的热避难所的访问来缓解觅食限制。我们使用隐马尔可夫模型将运动参数的离散行为分配为水温的函数,并评估了距离在高于 (> 20°C) 及以下 (≤ 20°C) 海牛热中性区的临界下限。我们发现,随着距离的增加,海牛在冷水温度下的觅食时间减少,在温暖的温度下觅食时间增加。我们还发现海牛更频繁地返回更近的热避难所。我们的结果表明,热量和饲料栖息地的空间关系会影响有关觅食的行为决策。在考虑体温调节行为的同时解决觅食行为问题意味着了解不断变化的环境对动物行为的重要性,特别是面对当前的全球变化。海牛在冷水温度下减少了觅食时间,在温暖的温度下增加了觅食时间。我们还发现海牛更频繁地返回更近的热避难所。我们的结果表明,热量和饲料栖息地的空间关系会影响有关觅食的行为决策。在考虑体温调节行为的同时解决觅食行为问题意味着了解不断变化的环境对动物行为的重要性,尤其是面对当前的全球变化。海牛在冷水温度下减少了觅食时间,在温暖的温度下增加了觅食时间。我们还发现海牛更频繁地返回更近的热避难所。我们的结果表明,热量和饲料栖息地的空间关系会影响有关觅食的行为决策。在考虑体温调节行为的同时解决觅食行为问题意味着了解不断变化的环境对动物行为的重要性,特别是面对当前的全球变化。
更新日期:2019-12-13
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