Production, assembly or logistic systems exist in widespread domains. It is agreed that more than 50% of life-cycle performance, costs and environmental impacts of such systems are due to those decisions that are made in their early design stages (Reich, Res Eng Design 28(4):411–419, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-017-0270-7 , 2017). However, the large scale and multi-disciplinary essence of such systems make their design considerably challenging. Most of the design approaches follow a sequential approach such that the design in each lower level is finalized/frozen before proceeding to the next level. However, such approaches do not properly address the interaction between different design disciplines which may later lead to design inconsistencies. Therefore, this paper aimed to propose a modelling framework that allows having an integrated approach in the early design stages of such systems. To this end, first the framework prescribed developing an executable meta-architecture that can embody all the design requirements. Second, the framework describes the interconnections between the meta-architecture with certain supporting algorithms and optimization models. This allows generating and simulating different design alternatives and observing the impact of different design decisions on system integrated performance. Therefore, the proposed framework with its providing outcomes can be used to support the decision making in early design stages of such systems. The framework is applied in a real case study from the warehousing domain, which serves to show the practical application of the proposed framework.

中文翻译：

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在早期设计阶段支持复杂工程系统设计的建模框架

生产、装配或物流系统存在于广泛的领域中。人们一致认为，此类系统超过 50% 的生命周期性能、成本和环境影响是由于在其早期设计阶段做出的决定（Reich，Res Eng Design 28(4):411–419, https ://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-017-0270-7 , 2017)。然而，此类系统的大规模和多学科本质使其设计具有相当大的挑战性。大多数设计方法遵循顺序方法，以便每个较低级别的设计在进入下一个级别之前完成/冻结。然而，这些方法并没有正确解决不同设计学科之间的交互问题，这在以后可能会导致设计不一致。所以，本文旨在提出一个建模框架，允许在此类系统的早期设计阶段采用集成方法。为此，该框架首先规定开发一个可执行的元架构，该架构可以体现所有设计要求。其次，该框架描述了元架构与某些支持算法和优化模型之间的互连。这允许生成和模拟不同的设计备选方案，并观察不同设计决策对系统集成性能的影响。因此，提议的框架及其提供的结果可用于支持此类系统早期设计阶段的决策。该框架应用于仓储领域的真实案例研究，