Various phase transitions could have taken place in the early universe, and may occur in the course of heavy-ion collisions and supernova explosions, in proto-neutron stars, in cold compact stars, and in the condensed matter at terrestrial conditions. Most generally, the dynamics of the density and temperature at first- and second-order phase transitions can be described with the help of the equations of non-ideal hydrodynamics. In the given work, some novel solutions are found describing the evolution of quasiperiodic structures that are formed in the course of the phase transitions. Although this consideration is very general, particular examples of quark-hadron and nuclear liquid-gas first-order phase transitions to the uniform $k_0=0$ state and of a pion-condensate second-order phase transition to a non-uniform $k_0\ne 0$ state in dense baryon matter are considered.

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相变的非理想水动力描述中准周期结构的演化

在早期宇宙中可能发生了各种相变，并且可能在重离子碰撞和超新星爆炸，原中子星，冷致密星以及地球条件下的凝结物质中发生。最通常地，可以借助非理想流体动力学方程来描述一阶和二阶相变处的密度和温度的动力学。在给定的工作中，发现了一些新颖的解决方案，描述了在相变过程中形成的拟周期结构的演化。尽管这种考虑非常笼统，但夸克-强子和核液-气一阶相变到均匀的特定示例 ${ķ}_0=0$ 态和π-凝聚态二阶相转变为非均匀态 ${ķ}_0\ne 0$ 稠密重子物质中的态被考虑。