The present paper describes the theory behind the “plume rise from warehouse or pool fires model” as implemented in the software package EFFECTS. This model simulates the rising of buoyant plumes due to the density difference between the hot combustion products and the ambient air. The plume rise model calculates the maximum height at which the released material will be in equilibrium with the density of the air, and presents the resulting trajectory of the plume, including hazard distances to specific concentration threshold levels. These parameters will be determined depending on the wind speed, atmospheric stability class and the fire's convective heat production, leading to potential penetration of the mixing layer.

Additionally, the penetration of the smoke plume through the temperature inversion layer is assessed. If the convective heat of production is sufficient to penetrate the mixing layer, the smoke plume will be trapped above the mixing layer. When this occurs, the (potentially toxic) combustion products do not disperse back below the mixing layer, thus, the individuals at ground level are not exposed to the harmful combustion products. If the convective heat of production is not sufficient to penetrate the mixing layer, the smoke plume may experience the so-called reflection phenomena which will trap the smoke plume below the mixing layer. This could have more dangerous consequences for individuals who then might be exposed to harmful combustion products at ground level.

Moreover, this paper includes the validation of the model against experimental data as well as to other widely validated mathematical models. The experiments and mathematical models used for the validation are described, and a detailed discussion of the results is included, with a statistical and graphical comparison against the field data.

本文描述了在软件包EFFECTS中实现的“仓库或游泳池火灾引起的积水数量模型”背后的理论。该模型模拟由于热燃烧产物和环境空气之间的密度差异而导致的浮羽上升。羽流上升模型计算释放的物质与空气密度达到平衡时的最大高度，并显示出羽流的合成轨迹，包括到特定浓度阈值水平的危险距离。这些参数将取决于风速，大气稳定性等级和火的对流热产生，从而导致混合层的潜在渗透。

另外，评估了烟羽穿过温度反转层的渗透。如果生产的对流热量足以穿透混合层，则烟羽将被困在混合层上方。发生这种情况时，（潜在有毒的）燃烧产物不会在混合层下方重新散布，因此，地面人员不会暴露于有害的燃烧产物。如果生产的对流热不足以穿透混合层，则烟羽可能会经历所谓的反射现象，从而将烟羽滞留在混合层下方。这可能对那些可能会在地面上暴露于有害燃烧产物的个人造成更危险的后果。

此外，本文还包括针对实验数据的模型验证以及对其他广泛验证的数学模型的验证。描述了用于验证的实验和数学模型，并对结果进行了详细讨论，并与现场数据进行了统计和图形比较。