Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Indian valerian) is an important temperate herb, which serves as a source of raw material for pharmaceutical and perfumery industries. This wild herb is nature’s gift to tribal communities for recovering various diseases. However, in India, this species is now at the verge of extinction due to over-exploitation of its rhizomes from its natural habitat to meet the burgeoning demand. Nowadays, the herb is considered highly valuable after identifying many bioactive compounds in its essential oil which can be extracted from different parts like leaf, root, and rhizome. However, accumulation of essential oil occurs in the underground part, which has demand in pharmaceutical as well as perfumery industries. This wild herb becomes one of the important medicinal and aromatic plants for researchers. For sustainable production and supply to the market/herbal industries, various efforts are made for its conservation, whereas agricultural practices hold a sole position to confront the sustainability challenge. Simultaneously, various researches on this herb are being conducted in regards to its agrotechnology. This article summarizes the botanical description including anatomy, genetic and chemical diversity, crop ecology for its commercial cultivation, uses and prospect in aromatic and pharmaceutical industries as per industrial demand and conservation point of view.

缬草琼斯（印度缬草）是一种重要的温带草药，可作为制药和香料行业的原料。这种野生药草是大自然送给部落社区恢复各种疾病的礼物。然而，在印度，由于根瘤菌从自然栖息地过度开采以满足迅速增长的需求，该物种现已濒临灭绝。如今，该草药在其精油中鉴定出许多可从叶，根和根茎等不同部位提取的生物活性化合物后，被认为具有很高的价值。然而，精油的积累发生在地下部分，这在制药和香料工业中都有需求。这种野生草药成为研究人员重要的药用和芳香植物之一。为了可持续的生产和向市场/草药行业的供应，人们对其保护做出了各种努力，而农业实践在应对可持续性挑战方面处于唯一地位。同时，对该草药的农业技术进行了各种研究。本文总结了植物学描述，包括解剖学，遗传和化学多样性，用于其商业种植的作物生态学，根据工业需求和保护观点在芳香族和制药工业中的用途和前景。