The marketing practices of the breastmilk substitutes industry have been known for decades, but little is known about the influence of the baby food industry, more generally, on public health policy, research and practice, also known as ‘corporate political activity’ (CPA). In this study, the baby food industry refers to for-profit companies that manufacture, market or distribute breastmilk substitutes and food products for infants and young children under two years. In addition, trade associations, public relations firms, marketing agencies and individuals or groups affiliated with the baby food industry are also considered to be part of the baby food industry. The aim of the current study was to systematically identify and monitor the CPA of the baby food industry in the USA, shown by the activities of Nestlé, the largest industry actor in this sector in the country. The case study consisted of an analysis of publicly available information for data published between January and November 2018. We included documents from the industry, the government and other sources, including professional organisations, charities and consumer associations. We analysed data using an existing framework to classify the CPA of the food industry. During the period of data collection, Nestlé employed a list of action-based ‘instrumental strategies’. The most prominent strategy was ‘information strategy’, used to fund, produce and disseminate industry-preferred information. Nestlé was further found to ‘establish relationships with key opinion leaders and health organisations, and the media’, ‘seek involvement in community’ and directly influence policies and programs through indirect access and the placement of actors in government policy settings. The company also used argument-based ‘discursive strategies’ to frame the debate on diet- and public health-related issues. This study showed that Nestlé used various CPA strategies which may have influenced public health policy, research and practice in ways favourable to the baby food industry. These results could be used to further recognise and pre-empt the influence of corporations on health, in order to ensure that commercial interests do not prevail over public health goals.

中文翻译：

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婴儿食品行业的公司政治活动：以美国雀巢公司为例。

母乳代用品行业的营销实践已经有数十年的历史了，但是对于婴儿食品行业对公共卫生政策，研究和实践（也称为“公司政治活动”，CPA）的影响知之甚少。在本研究中，婴儿食品行业是指为两年以下的婴幼儿生产，销售或分销母乳代用品和食品的营利性公司。此外，与婴儿食品工业相关的贸易协会，公共关系公司，市场代理以及个人或团体也被视为婴儿食品工业的一部分。这项研究的目的是系统地识别和监控美国婴儿食品行业的CPA，如雀巢的活动所示，该行业最大的行业参与者。该案例研究包括对2018年1月至11月之间发布的数据的公开信息进行的分析。我们纳入了来自行业，政府和其他来源的文档，包括专业组织，慈善机构和消费者协会。我们使用现有框架对数据进行了分析，以对食品行业的每次转化费用进行分类。在数据收集期间，雀巢采用了一系列基于行动的“工具策略”。最突出的策略是“信息策略”，用于资助，产生和传播行业首选的信息。雀巢还被发现“与主要意见领袖，卫生组织和媒体建立关系”，“寻求社区参与”并通过间接访问和将参与者置于政府政策环境中而直接影响政策和计划。该公司还使用基于论点的“干预策略”来组织有关饮食和公共卫生相关问题的辩论。这项研究表明，雀巢采用了各种注册会计师策略，这些策略可能以有利于婴儿食品行业的方式影响了公共卫生政策，研究和实践。这些结果可用于进一步认识和阻止公司对健康的影响，以确保商业利益不会凌驾于公共卫生目标之上。这项研究表明，雀巢采用了各种注册会计师策略，这些策略可能以有利于婴儿食品行业的方式影响了公共卫生政策，研究和实践。这些结果可用于进一步认识和阻止公司对健康的影响，以确保商业利益不会凌驾于公共卫生目标之上。这项研究表明，雀巢采用了各种注册会计师策略，这些策略可能以有利于婴儿食品行业的方式影响了公共卫生政策，研究和实践。这些结果可用于进一步认识和阻止公司对健康的影响，以确保商业利益不会凌驾于公共卫生目标之上。