The structural organization of several antagonistic networks has been demonstrated to be largely conserved through time and space even when species beta‐diversity is high. This might occur either because species are replaced by others that fulfill similar network roles or because interaction probabilities are given by species relative abundances rather than by their functional traits. Alternatively, if species‐specific traits are important drivers of realized interactions, any change in species composition should promote a certain degree of network structural dissimilarity. Here, we used a spatial‐temporal system comprising asteraceous plants and flower head herbivores from remnants of Brazilian Cerrado to investigate whether the relationship between spatial beta‐diversity of species and network structural dissimilarity changes over time. We measured species beta‐diversity using Sørensen's dissimilarity index (β_sor) and its components of species replacement (β_‐3) and richness differences (β_rich). Network structural dissimilarity was estimated using three different metrics: connectance, modularity, and web asymmetry. We show that, in general, the effect of species beta‐diversity on network structure was time‐dependent: While some periods presented a positive relationship between spatial beta‐diversity and network structural dissimilarity, others presented no significant relationship. This indicates that functionally similar species may present different turnover rates at distinct periods, and different non‐exclusive processes affect plant–herbivore network organization across time.

中文翻译：

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随着时间的流逝，物种组成不相似对植物-草食动物网络结构的影响不一致

事实证明，即使物种的β多样性很高，几个拮抗网络的结构组织也可以在时间和空间上得到极大的保护。这可能是由于物种被具有相似网络角色的其他物种所替代，或者是因为相互作用概率是由物种的相对丰度而不是其功能性状决定的。另外，如果特定物种的性状是实现相互作用的重要驱动力，则物种组成的任何变化都应促进一定程度的网络结构差异。在这里，我们使用了一种时空系统，该系统包括来自巴西Cerrado残余物的菊科植物和头状食草动物，以研究物种的空间β多样性与网络结构差异之间的关系是否随时间变化。β _SOR）和物种替代（其成分β _-3）和丰富性差异（β_丰富）。使用三种不同的指标来估计网络结构的不相似性：连接性，模块性和Web不对称性。我们表明，总体而言，物种β多样性对网络结构的影响是时间依赖性的：虽然某些时期呈现出空间β多样性与网络结构异同之间的正相关，但其他时期则没有显着关系。这表明功能相似的物种可能在不同时期呈现出不同的周转率，并且不同的非排他性过程会随时间影响植物-草食动物网络的组织。