This paper examines the opportunities for addressing evacuations by leveraging the sharing economy. To support this research, we use a mixed-method approach employing archival research of sharing economy actions, 24 high-ranking expert interviews, and a survey of individuals impacted by Hurricane Irma in 2017 (n = 645). Using these data, we contribute to the literature in four key ways. First, we summarize sharing economy company actions in 30 U.S. disasters. Second, we discuss results from 24 expert interviews on 11 sharing economy benefits (ranging from resource redundancy to positive company press coverage) and 13 limitations (ranging from driver reliability to the digital divide). Experts included six directors/executives of emergency/transportation agencies, two executives of sharing economy companies, and eight senior-level agency leaders. Third, we use these interviews, specifically negative opinions of the sharing economy, to inform our Hurricane Irma survey, which contributes empirical evidence of the feasibility of shared resources. Despite just 1.1% and 5.4% of respondents using transportation network companies (TNCs, also known as ridesourcing and ridehailing) and homesharing respectively during the Irma evacuation, some respondents were extremely willing to offer their own resources including transportation before evacuating (29.1%), transportation while evacuating (23.6%), and shelter for free (19.2%) in a future disaster. We also find spare capacity of private assets exists for future evacuations with just 11.1% and 16% of respondents without spare seatbelts and beds/mattresses, respectively. Finally, we conclude with practice-ready policy recommendations for public agencies to leverage shared resources including: communication partnerships, surge flagging (i.e., identifying and reducing unfair price increases), and community-based sharing systems.

中文翻译：

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弥合疏散与共享经济之间的差距

本文探讨了利用共享经济解决疏散问题的机会。为支持这项研究，我们采用混合方法，采用共享经济行动的档案研究、24 位高级专家访谈以及对 2017 年受飓风艾玛影响的个人的调查（n = 645）。使用这些数据，我们以四种关键方式为文献做出贡献。首先，我们总结了共享经济公司在美国 30 次灾难中的行动。其次，我们讨论了 24 位专家访谈的结果，涉及 11 项共享经济利益（从资源冗余到积极的公司新闻报道）和 13 项限制（从驾驶员可靠性到数字鸿沟）。专家包括六名应急/交通机构的董事/高管、两名共享经济公司的高管和八名高级机构领导。第三，我们使用这些访谈，特别是对共享经济的负面看法，为我们的飓风艾玛调查提供信息，这为共享资源的可行性提供了经验证据。尽管在 Irma 疏散期间分别只有 1.1% 和 5.4% 的受访者使用交通网络公司（TNCs，也称为ridesourcing 和ridehailing）和家庭共享，但一些受访者非常愿意在疏散前提供自己的资源，包括交通（29.1%），疏散时的交通（23.6%），以及在未来灾难中免费避难（19.2%）。我们还发现私人资产存在用于未来疏散的备用容量，分别只有 11.1% 和 16% 的受访者没有备用安全带和床/床垫。最后，