Predictive biomarkers aid selection of personalized therapy targeted to molecular alterations within an individual's tumor. Patients' responses to targeted therapies are commonly followed by treatment resistance. Here, we survey liquid biopsies as alternatives to tumor biopsies to assess predictive and therapy response biomarkers. We examine the potential of liquid biopsies to meet the challenges of minimal residual disease monitoring after curative intent treatment for earlier detection of disease recurrence. We focus on blood, the most commonly collected minimally invasive clinical sample, and on the two most widely studied assays, circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells.

预测性生物标志物有助于选择针对个体肿瘤内分子改变的个性化治疗。患者对靶向治疗的反应通常伴随着治疗抵抗。在这里，我们调查液体活检作为肿瘤活检的替代品，以评估预测和治疗反应生物标志物。我们研究了液体活检的潜力，以应对治愈性治疗后微小残留病监测的挑战，以便及早发现疾病复发。我们重点关注血液（最常采集的微创临床样本）以及两种研究最广泛的检测方法：循环肿瘤 DNA 和循环肿瘤细胞。