A new method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was established for simultaneously analyzing 35 types of phenolic compounds in human urine samples, including 12 hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs), 16 brominated phenols (BRPs), 5 hydroxyl polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs), triclosan, and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). The presence of NH₄Ac in mobile phase played a crucial role in achieving good separation of isomers in HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The efficient SPE condition was obtained at pH 2 with a mixture eluent of methanol and dichloromethane. The recoveries of all analytes were 64.5%–143%, 56.2%–135%, and 52.5%–123% for low-, medium-, and high-spiked levels in a urine matrix, respectively, with less than 20% of RSDs of four of repetitive measurements. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to screen the potential urinary biomarker for population exposure to multipollutants from e-waste recycling areas, and 3,4-diBRP, 2,4,5-triBRP, 2,3,4,6-tetraBRP, and 2′-OH-BDE-28 were first tentatively detected in human urine. Specifically, 3,4-diBRP, 2,3,4,6-tetraBRP and, 2′-OH-BDE-28 were only detected in urine samples from e-waste dismantling workers, which should be considered as the urinary biomarkers for occupational exposure. Finally, this developed method will support a more comprehensive health risk assessment for human exposure to multipollutants.

中文翻译：

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同时测定人类尿液中多种类别的酚类化合物：对职业性电子废物暴露代谢生物标志物的认识

建立了一种使用固相萃取（SPE）和高效液相色谱结合三重四极杆质谱（HPLC-MS / MS）的新方法，用于同时分析人尿液样品中的35种酚类化合物，包括12种羟基多环芳烃碳氢化合物（OH-PAHs），16种溴化苯酚（BRP），5种羟基多溴化二苯醚（OH-PBDEs），三氯生和四溴双酚A（TBBPA）。NH ₄的存在流动相中的Ac在HPLC-MS / MS分析中实现异构体的良好分离中起着至关重要的作用。在甲醇和二氯甲烷的混合洗脱液中，在pH 2下获得了有效的SPE条件。尿液基质中低，中和高加标水平的所有分析物的回收率分别为64.5％–143％，56.2％–135％和52.5％–123％，RSD不到20％重复测量中的四个。此外，该方法已成功应用于筛选潜在人群的尿液生物标志物，这些人群是来自电子废物回收区和3,4-diBRP，2,4,5-triBRP，2,3,4,6-tetraBRP，初步在人尿液中检测到了2'-OH-BDE-28和2'-OH-BDE-28。具体而言，仅在电子垃圾拆解工人的尿液样本中检测到3,4-diBRP，2,3,4,6-tetraBRP和2'-OH-BDE-28，应将其视为职业暴露的尿液生物标志物。最后，这种发达的方法将支持对人类接触多种污染物进行更全面的健康风险评估。