BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental follow-up in Neonatal Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE) typically focusses on major neuromotor (cerebral palsy, CP) and severe cognitive impairment. Outcomes in those without major neuromotor impairment are less well explored. OBJECTIVES To examine behavioural, cognitive and neurological outcomes after neonatal HIE, in a clinical cohort of children without CP, at age 2 years. METHODS Clinical routine outcome data from children admitted to a tertiary centre with neonatal HIE for hypothermia treatment between 05/08/09-30/05/2016. Children were assessed for neuromotor status - particularly minor neurological signs (MNS), with Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III (Bayley III) or Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ), Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL), Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT). RESULTS Of 107 children, 75.5% had normal neurology, 12.1% CP, 12.1% MNS. Children with CP were excluded from analyses. For those without CP, Bayley-III scores were in the average range for the majority; mild cognitive delay observed in 5%, 4.2% language, 1.3% motor development; severe delay in 1.3% for cognitive, 4.2% for language. More than in the normative population scored in clinical ranges for CBCL externalising, sleep, and other problems. No significant difference was seen for Q-CHAT. Children with MNS were significantly more likely to have impaired Bayley-III scores, parent-reported internalising, sleep, and other problems. CONCLUSIONS In this clinical cohort, the majority of children had favourable outcome at 2 years. However, children with MNS were at risk for cognitive and behavioural difficulties and will benefit from enhanced clinical follow-up and support.

中文翻译：

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新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE) 2 岁时的轻微神经系统体征和行为功能

背景新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）的神经发育随访通常集中在主要神经运动（脑性麻痹，CP）和严重的认知障碍上。那些没有严重神经运动障碍的人的结果研究较少。目的 在 2 岁没有 CP 的临床队列中，检查新生儿 HIE 后的行为、认知和神经学结果。方法 2016 年 5 月 8 日至 30 月 5 日期间入院新生儿 HIE 进行低温治疗的三级中心儿童的临床常规结果数据。使用贝利婴幼儿发育量表 III (Bayley III) 或年龄和阶段问卷 3 (ASQ)、儿童行为检查表 1.5-5 (CBCL) 评估儿童的神经运动状态 - 特别是轻微神经系统体征 (MNS)，幼儿自闭症定量检查表 (Q-CHAT)。结果 107 名儿童中，75.5% 神经功能正常，12.1% CP，12.1% MNS。患有 CP 的儿童被排除在分析之外。对于那些没有 CP 的人，Bayley-III 分数在大多数人的平均范围内；在 5%、4.2% 的语言、1.3% 的运动发育中观察到轻度认知延迟；认知严重延迟 1.3%，语言严重延迟 4.2%。在 CBCL 外在化、睡眠和其他问题的临床范围内得分高于正常人群。Q-CHAT 没有发现显着差异。患有 MNS 的儿童更有可能出现 Bayley-III 评分受损、父母报告的内化、睡眠和其他问题。结论 在这个临床队列中，大多数儿童在 2 年时具有良好的结果。然而，