Background

Physical inactivity is one of the main risk factors for death worldwide. There is a paucity of studies about the association between transport and objective health measures using nationally representative samples worldwide, especially from Latin American countries. The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between active transportation and objective health measures in Chile.

Methods

We analysed the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS) 2016–2017, based on a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalised adults aged ≥15 years (n = 6,113). ENS included anthropometric measures (weight, height, waist circumference), a specific question about the main mode of transportation and several metabolic markers.

Results

41%, 38% and 21% of participants used public transport, motor vehicles and active (cycling and walking) transport respectively. Higher levels of active transport were observed in males, younger groups, less educated and rural populations. Both active and public transport were associated with multiple nutritional and metabolic benefits such as lower BMI, lower waist circumference, less obesity, higher vitamin D, lower cholesterol and lower hepatic inflammation. Associations persisted after adjusting for other healthy lifestyles. Stronger benefits were observed in males than in females.

Conclusions

Promoting active transportation in urban planning policies may help Chile tackle the growing burden of chronic diseases.

中文翻译：

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与主动和公共交通相关的营养和代谢益处：智利国家健康调查的结果，ENS 2016-2017

背景

缺乏运动是全世界死亡的主要危险因素之一。关于运输和客观卫生措施之间关系的研究很少，使用的是世界范围内具有国家代表性的样本，尤其是来自拉丁美洲国家的样本。这项研究的目的是探索智利主动交通与客观卫生措施之间的关系。

方法

我们基于年龄≥15岁（n = 6,113）的非住院成年人的全国代表性样本，对2016-2017年智利国家健康调查（ENS）进行了分析。ENS包括人体测量指标（体重，身高，腰围），有关主要运输方式的具体问题以及几种代谢指标。

结果

分别有41％，38％和21％的参与者使用公共交通工具，机动车和主动（骑自行车和步行）交通工具。在男性，年轻群体，文化程度较低的农村人口中，活跃的交通活动水平较高。主动和公共交通工具均具有多种营养和代谢益处，例如BMI降低，腰围降低，肥胖症减少，维生素D升高，胆固醇降低和肝炎症降低。在调整了其他健康的生活方式后，协会仍然存在。观察到，男性比女性受益更大。

结论

在城市规划政策中促进积极运输可能有助于智利解决慢性病日益严重的负担。