Introduction

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be defined in two key traits (inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity), which can effect day-to-day capabilities such as driving performance.

Methods

In this exploratory study, a sample of 450 young drivers from the State of Qatar have been administered the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-V1.1) and the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ), in order to examine the impact of self-reported inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity traits on self-reported intentional traffic violations, unintentional driving errors, concentration or memory lapses and deliberate aggressive violations. A path analysis model was developed to test the predictability of these ADHD traits on deviant driving behaviours.

Results

The positive relationships among both traits and deviant driving behaviours varies across gender. Young male drivers with hyperactivity-impulsivity traits are significantly more likely to report ordinary violations, errors, lapses and aggressive violations, but these aberrant driving behaviours are most likely to be reported by young female drivers who report the inattention trait. Nevertheless, the inattention trait has a minor predictive role for young male drivers and is not significantly related to aggressive violations. For young female drivers aggressive violations are not predicted by the hyperactivity-impulsivity trait, but the inattention traits among young female drivers is the strongest predictor of aggressive violations.

Conclusion

This exploratory study is important to create a better understanding of the increased risks among female drivers who predominantly exhibit the inattention trait and male drivers who predominantly exhibit the hyperactivity-impulsivity trait and could suggest gender-sensitive driving education about ADHD traits and driving risks.

中文翻译：

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年轻驾驶员多动症特征对自我报告的越轨驾驶行为的影响：阿拉伯海湾地区的一项探索性研究

介绍

注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）可以定义为两个关键特征（注意力不集中和冲动过度），这会影响日常功能，例如驾驶性能。

方法

在这项探索性研究中，对来自卡塔尔州的450位年轻驾驶员进行了抽样研究，他们采用了成人ADHD自我报告量表（ASRS-V1.1）和驾驶员行为问卷（DBQ），以检查自我影响自我报告的故意交通违规，无意驾驶错误，注意力不集中或记忆力下降以及故意侵略性违规行为。开发了路径分析模型，以测试这些ADHD特征对驾驶行为的可预测性。

结果

特质与越轨行为之间的正向关系因性别而异。具有多动冲动性格的年轻男性驾驶员更有可能报告普通违规，错误，失误和侵略性违规行为，但这些异常驾驶行为最有可能是那些报告注意力不集中特征的年轻女性驾驶员报告的。尽管如此，注意力不集中的特征对年轻男性驾驶员的预测作用较小，并且与侵略性侵犯没有明显关系。对于年轻女性驾驶员而言，多动冲动特征不能预测出侵略性侵犯，但是年轻女性驾驶员中的注意力不集中特征是侵略性侵犯的最强预测因子。

结论

这项探索性研究对于更好地了解主要表现为注意力不集中特征的女性驾驶员和主要表现为过度活跃冲动性特征的男性驾驶员之间的风险增加非常重要，并且可以建议对多动症特征和驾驶风险进行性别敏感的驾驶教育。