The inversion of seismic observations leads to maps of the interior of the Earth that can be interpreted. Regions of low seismic velocity have historically been interpreted to be due to factors related to high‐temperature and high‐melt retention. Subsequently, geodynamic models can be used to test such interpretations. However, the inversions are nonunique, and arguably, it would be best to test geodynamic scenarios against observations rather than interpretations. Here we make a first attempt at this. At depths greater than 80 km below Réunion, a low shear‐wave velocity zone is imaged. Rather than interpret this inverted model, we test a forward model of melt generation and retention against seismic observations. Geodynamic model solutions are converted with a mineral parameter database to P wave and S wave velocity profiles from various initial temperatures T, upwelling velocities , and permeabilities k₀. By embedding these velocity profiles, synthetic seismograms are generated. For a range of k₀, T, and , we generate synthetic traces for 21 teleseismic events registered at a receiver on Réunion island. We measure the traveltime difference between observed and synthetic waveforms and the interphase differential travel times for 210 scenarios for several phase arrivals of three components, filtered between 0.01 and 0.2 Hz. The results indicate that upper mantle temperatures beneath Réunion lie within 1400–1450 °C, with permeability coefficients of 10⁻⁵–10⁻⁶ m². These conditions are associated with porosities of <0.28% and high‐melt extraction rates of 8.37–18.35 m·year⁻¹. This study demonstrates the potential for fully comparing geodynamic scenarios with seismic observations.

中文翻译：

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地球动力学过程中基于地震波的约束：在留尼汪岛下部分熔融的应用

地震观测值的反演导致可以解释地球内部的地图。历史上一直将地震速度低的区域解释为与高温和高熔体固位有关的因素。随后，可以使用地球动力学模型来测试这种解释。但是，反演是非唯一的，可以说，最好是根据观测结果而不是解释来测试地球动力学方案。在这里，我们首先尝试一下。在留尼汪岛下方大于80 km的深度处，成像了一个低剪切波速度带。与其解释这种反演模型，不如对地震观测资料测试熔体产生和滞留的正向模型。地球动力学模型解通过矿物参数数据库转换为P波和来自各种初始温度T，上升流速度和渗透率k _0的S波速度曲线。通过嵌入这些速度剖面，可以生成合成地震图。对于k ₀，T和的范围，我们为留尼汪岛的接收器上记录的21个远震事件生成了合成迹线。我们测量了观察到的波形和合成波形之间的传播时间差，以及在三个分量的几个相位到达，过滤在0.01和0.2 Hz之间的情况下，对于210种情况的相间差分传播时间。结果表明，留尼汪岛以下的上地幔温度在1400–1450°C之间，渗透系数为10 ^-5–10 ^-6 m ²。这些条件与孔隙率<0.28％和高熔抽出率8.37–18.35 m·year ^-1有关。这项研究表明了将地球动力学情景与地震观测进行全面比较的潜力。