The deglaciation history and Holocene environmental evolution of northern Wijdefjorden, Svalbard, are reconstructed using sediment cores and acoustic data (multibeam swath bathymetry and sub‐bottom profiler data). Results reveal that the fjord mouth was deglaciated prior to 14.5±0.3 cal. ka BP and deglaciation occurred stepwise. Biomarker analyses show rapid variations in water temperature and sea ice cover during the deglaciation, and cold conditions during the Younger Dryas, followed by minimum sea ice cover throughout the Early Holocene, until c. 7 cal. ka BP. Most of the glaciers in Wijdefjorden had retreated onto land by c. 7.6±0.2 cal. ka BP. Subsequently, the sea‐ice extent increased and remained high throughout the last part of the Holocene. We interpret a high Late Holocene sediment accumulation rate in the northernmost core to reflect increased sediment flux to the site from the outlet of the adjacent lake Femmilsjøen, related to glacier growth in the Femmilsjøen catchment area. Furthermore, increased sea ice cover, lower water temperatures and the re‐occurrence of ice‐rafted debris indicate increased local glacier activity and overall cooler conditions in Wijdefjorden after c. 0.5 cal. ka BP. We summarize our findings in a conceptual model for the depositional environment in northern Wijdefjorden from the Late Weichselian until present.

中文翻译：

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斯瓦尔巴群岛北部维伊德峡湾的晚第四纪冰川和海冰历史

斯瓦尔巴特群岛北部Wijdefjorden的冰消历史和全新世环境演化是利用沉积物岩心和声学数据（多波束测深和深底剖面数据）重建的。结果表明，峡湾口在14.5±0.3 cal之前已经冰消。ka BP和脱冰逐步发生。生物标记物分析显示，在冰消期期间，水温和海冰覆盖迅速变化，而在年轻树妖树期间则处于寒冷条件下，随后整个全新世早期海冰覆盖率最小，直到c。7卡路里 ka BP。大多数Wijdefjorden冰川已经被退回到土地Ç。7.6±0.2卡路里 ka BP。随后，整个全新世的最后阶段海冰范围增加并保持较高水平。我们解释说，在最北端的核心地区，晚全新世沉积物的沉积速率很高，以反映从邻近的Femmilsjøen湖出口到该地点的沉积物通量的增加，这与Femmilsjøen集水区的冰川生长有关。此外，海冰覆盖增加，水温降低和冰筏碎屑的再次出现表明c以后Wijdefjorden的局部冰川活动增加和整体温度降低。0.5卡路里 ka BP。我们从魏克塞勒晚期到现在的北部Wijdefjorden沉积环境的概念模型中总结了我们的发现。