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Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus persistence in osteoblasts using imaging flow cytometry.
MicrobiologyOpen ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1017
Dafne Bongiorno 1 , Nicolò Musso 2 , Lorenzo Mattia Lazzaro 1 , Gino Mongelli 1 , Stefania Stefani 1, 2 , Floriana Campanile 1
Affiliation  

Methicillin‐resistant S. aureus has been reported as the main pathogen involved in chronic infections, osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections. The host/pathogen interaction is dynamic and requires several changes to promote bacterial survival. Here, we focused on the internalization and persistence behavior of well‐characterized Staphylococcus aureus invasive strains belonging to the main ST‐MRSA‐SCCmec clones. To overcome the limitations of the cell culture method, we comparatively analyzed the ability of internalization within human MG‐63 osteoblasts with imaging flow cytometry (IFC). After evaluation by cell culture assay, the MRSA clones in the study were all able to readily internalize at 3h postinfection, the persistence of intracellular bacteria was evaluated at 24h both by routine cell culture and IFC assay, after vancomycin‐BODIPY staining. A statistical difference of persistence was found in ST5‐SCCmecII (26.59%), ST228‐SCCmecI (20.25%), ST8‐SCCmecIV (19.52%), ST239‐SCCmecIII (47.82%), and ST22‐SCCmecIVh (50.55%) showing the same ability to internalize as ATCC12598 (51%), the invasive isolate used as control strain for invasion and persistence assays. We demonstrated that the intracellular persistence process depends on the total number of infected cells. Comparing our data obtained by IFC with those of the cell culture assay, we obtained greater reproducibility rates and a number of intracellular bacteria, with the advantage of analyzing live host cells. Moreover, with some limitations related to the lack of whole‐genome sequencing analysis, we validated the different proclivities to persist in the main Italian HA‐MRSA invasive isolates and our results highlighted the heterogeneity of the different clones to persist during cell infection.

中文翻译:

使用成像流式细胞仪检测成骨细胞中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的持久性。

据报道,耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌是涉及慢性感染,骨髓炎和人工关节感染的主要病原体。宿主/病原体的相互作用是动态的,需要进行一些改变以促进细菌的存活。在这里,我们专注于良好表征的内在和持久行为,金黄色葡萄球菌属于主ST-MRSA-SCC侵入株MEC克隆。为了克服细胞培养方法的局限性,我们使用成像流式细胞术(IFC)来比较分析人MG‐63成骨细胞内的内在化能力。通过细胞培养测定进行评估后,研究中的MRSA克隆都能够在感染后3h轻易内在化,在万古霉素-BODIPY染色后,通过常规细胞培养和IFC测定在24h评估细胞内细菌的持久性。在ST5‐SCC mec II(26.59%),ST228‐SCC mec I(20.25%),ST8‐SCC mec IV(19.52%),ST239‐SCC mec III(47.82%)和ST22中发现了持久性的统计差异-SCC MECIVh(50.55%)显示出与ATCC12598(51%)相同的内在化能力,ATCC12598是用作入侵和持久性测定的对照菌株的侵袭性分离株。我们证明了细胞内的持久性过程取决于被感染细胞的总数。将通过IFC获得的数据与细胞培养测定的数据进行比较,我们获得了更高的重现率和许多细胞内细菌,并具有分析活宿主细胞的优势。此外,由于缺乏全基因组测序分析的某些局限性,我们验证了在意大利主要HA-MRSA侵袭性分离株中仍存在的不同倾向,我们的结果突出了在细胞感染期间不同克隆仍存在的异质性。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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