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Monitoring dissolved active trace elements in biogas plants using total reflection X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
X-Ray Spectrometry ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 , DOI: 10.1002/xrs.3151
Richard Arthur 1 , Paul A. Scherer 2
Affiliation  

Generally, full‐scale biogas plants require trace elements supplementation to sustain a stable process. The aim was to apply total reflection X‐ray fluorescence (TXRF) to monitor the dissolved, active elements, for the first time, at μg/L levels in biogas plants. The digester liquid is comparable to sludge with high solids content and high salt concentrations. The ions are usually measured in the dried fermenter slurry after acid digestion in its inactive bound form, although microorganisms can take up only dissolved ions as active agent. In this study, a procedure was developed to monitor dissolved ions in such environmental processes to prevent an overdose or underdose. The analytical figures of merit considered were the lowest possible limit of detection, the recovery of spiked ions and linearity. Samples were spiked with nickel, selenium and tungsten in the range of 10–200 μg/L. Highest recovery rates of >93% for concentrations of 10 to <100 μg/L were obtained after the samples were centrifugated twice, followed by application of microwave‐assisted acid digestion. The calculated lowest limit of detection was 2–4 μg/L. The developed method was first tested in laboratory‐scale biogas digesters with wheat straw as substrate. Successful application of TXRF was also achieved in a full‐scale biogas plant to estimate the dynamics of “active” trace element ions in the range of 2–1,000 μg/L for several months. Therefore, cost‐effective biogas plant management is possible through the application of TXRF spectrometry to monitor trace elements.

中文翻译:

使用全反射X射线荧光光谱法监测沼气厂中溶解的活性痕量元素

通常,大型沼气厂需要补充微量元素以维持稳定的过程。目的是应用全反射X射线荧光(TXRF)来首次监测沼气厂中溶解的,活性元素,浓度为μg/ L。消化池液体可与具有高固体含量和高盐浓度的污泥媲美。尽管微生物只能吸收溶解的离子作为活性剂,但通常在酸消解后的干燥发酵罐浆液中以非活性结合形式测量离子。在这项研究中,开发了一种程序来监控这种环境过程中的溶解离子,以防止过量或不足。所考虑的分析品质因数是检测的最低限度,加标离子的回收率和线性。样品中掺有镍,硒和钨的范围为10–200μg/ L。将样品离心两次,然后进行微波辅助酸消化后,对于10至<100μg/ L的浓度,回收率最高> 93%。计算出的最低检测限为2–4μg/ L。该开发的方法首先在以麦草为底物的实验室规模的沼气池中进行了测试。在大型沼气厂中,TXRF的成功应用还可以估计几个月中“活性”微量元素离子在2–1,000μg/ L范围内的动态。因此,通过应用TXRF光谱监测痕量元素,可以实现具有成本效益的沼气厂管理。将样品离心两次,然后进行微波辅助酸消化,得到100μg/ L。计算出的最低检测限为2–4μg/ L。该开发的方法首先在以麦草为底物的实验室规模的沼气池中进行了测试。在大型沼气厂中,TXRF的成功应用还可以估计几个月中“活性”微量元素离子在2–1,000μg/ L范围内的动态。因此,通过应用TXRF光谱监测痕量元素,可以实现具有成本效益的沼气厂管理。将样品离心两次,然后进行微波辅助酸消化,得到100μg/ L。计算出的最低检测限为2–4μg/ L。该开发的方法首先在以麦草为底物的实验室规模的沼气池中进行了测试。在大型沼气厂中,TXRF的成功应用还可以估计几个月中“活性”微量元素离子在2–1,000μg/ L范围内的动态。因此,通过应用TXRF光谱监测痕量元素,可以实现具有成本效益的沼气厂管理。该开发的方法首先在以麦草为底物的实验室规模的沼气池中进行了测试。在大型沼气厂中,TXRF的成功应用还可以估计几个月中“活性”微量元素离子在2–1,000μg/ L范围内的动态。因此,通过应用TXRF光谱法监测痕量元素,可以实现具有成本效益的沼气厂管理。该开发的方法首先在以麦草为底物的实验室规模的沼气池中进行了测试。TXRF在一个大型沼气厂中也获得了成功的应用,以估计几个月中“活性”微量元素离子在2–1,000μg/ L范围内的动态。因此,通过应用TXRF光谱监测痕量元素,可以实现具有成本效益的沼气厂管理。
更新日期:2020-03-31
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