The pharmaceutical compound carbamazepine (CBZ) is a contaminant of emerging concern. Wastewater irrigation can be a long-term, frequent source of CBZ; therefore, understanding the fate and transport of CBZ as a result of wastewater reuse practices has important environmental implications. The objective of this study was to estimate long-term soil transport of CBZ originating from treated wastewater irrigation on plots under different land uses. Field data from a previous study comparing CBZ concentrations in soil under different land uses were used in numerical modeling with HYDRUS-2D for the estimation of CBZ soil transport during 20 yr of irrigation with treated wastewater. This study showed high CBZ retention in soil under all investigated land uses. Adequate modeling results were obtained by using soil organic carbon-water partitioning coefficient (Koc ) for the CBZ linear sorption coefficient (Kd ) estimation, yet an underestimation of CBZ concentration in soil was still noted. Thus, results suggest that, although highly important, organic carbon content is probably not the only soil property governing CBZ sorption at this site, indicating the potential research perspective. Modeling results showed wastewater irrigation containing CBZ for 20 yr increased the CBZ concentration in the soil profile and its vertical movement, with the slowest vertical transport rate occurring on the forested plots. Overall results suggest that a beneficial management practice could be to increase soil organic carbon (e.g., compost addition) when using treated wastewater for irrigation in order to retain CBZ in the surface soil and thus limit its leaching through the soil profile.

中文翻译：

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不同土地利用下卡马西平在污水灌溉土壤中的迁移模拟

药物化合物卡马西平 (CBZ) 是一种新出现的污染物。废水灌溉可能是 CBZ 的长期、频繁来源；因此，了解 CBZ 作为废水再利用实践的结果的归宿和运输具有重要的环境影响。本研究的目的是估计来自不同土地利用地块上处理过的废水灌溉的 CBZ 的长期土壤迁移。之前一项比较不同土地用途下土壤中 CBZ 浓度的研究的现场数据被用于 HYDRUS-2D 数值建模，以估计 20 年处理废水灌溉期间 CBZ 土壤迁移。该研究表明，在所有调查的土地用途下，土壤中的高 CBZ 保留率。通过使用土壤有机碳-水分配系数 (Koc ) 进行 CBZ 线性吸附系数 (Kd ) 估计，获得了足够的建模结果，但仍然注意到土壤中 CBZ 浓度的低估。因此，结果表明，虽然非常重要，但有机碳含量可能不是该地点控制 CBZ 吸附的唯一土壤特性，表明潜在的研究前景。建模结果表明，含 CBZ 的废水灌溉 20 年增加了土壤剖面中的 CBZ 浓度及其垂直移动，其中最慢的垂直传输速率发生在森林地块上。总体结果表明，有益的管理实践可能是增加土壤有机碳（例如，