The ‘Altai Tavan Bogd’ National Park in the north-western part of the Mongolian Altai, Central Asia, is located in a forest-steppe ecosystem. It occurs under the influence of extreme continental and montane climate and is sensitive to natural and anthropogenic impacts. High-resolution (<20 years per sample) multi-proxy data of pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), macro-charcoal, diatoms, and XRF scanning from radiocarbon-dated lacustrine sediments reveal various environmental changes and the impact of different settlement periods for the late-Holocene. From 1350 to 820 cal. yr BP (AD 600–1130), the distribution of grass steppe indicates a climate similar to present-day conditions. Rapid improvements of climatic conditions (e.g. increased rainfall events) possibly favored a recovery of forest-steppe encouraging nomadic movements into alpine areas. In the period from 820 to 400 cal. yr BP (AD 1130–1550), the decline of forested areas suggests an increasingly drier and possibly colder climate. Some political shifts during the Mongol Empire (744–582 cal. yr BP; AD 1206–1368) favored variations in nomadic grazing habits. After 400 cal. yr BP (AD 1550), moisture and temperature increased slightly, and from ca. 40 cal. yr BP (AD 1910) to present, annual temperature continued to increase more markedly favoring an additional water availability due to permafrost degradation. Diatom data suggest several intervals of increased water availability in all periods which might have caused erosion due to heavier rainfall events or increased snow melt. Immediately after most of these high-water intervals, NPP data reveal periods of increased grazing activities in the area.

中文翻译：

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十年高分辨率多代理分析，用于重建过去 1350 卡路里的自然和人为环境变化。年 BP 在蒙古西部的阿尔泰塔万博格德国家公园

位于中亚蒙古阿尔泰西北部的“阿尔泰塔万博格德”国家公园位于森林草原生态系统中。它发生在极端大陆和山地气候的影响下，对自然和人为影响很敏感。来自放射性碳测年的湖泊沉积物的花粉、非花粉孢粉体 (NPP)、宏观木炭、硅藻和 XRF 扫描的高分辨率（每个样本 <20 年）多代理数据揭示了各种环境变化和不同沉降的影响为晚全新世时期。从 1350 到 820 卡路里。年 BP（公元 600-1130 年），草草原的分布表明气候与当今条件相似。气候条件的快速改善（例如 降雨事件增加）可能有利于森林草原的恢复，鼓励游牧运动进入高山地区。在 820 至 400 卡路里期间。年 BP（公元 1130-1550 年），森林面积的减少表明气候越来越干燥，可能更冷。蒙古帝国（公元前 744-582 年；公元 1206-1368 年）期间的一些政治变化有利于游牧放牧习惯的变化。400 卡路里后。yr BP (AD 1550)，水分和温度略有增加，从大约 40 卡路里 从 BP 年（公元 1910 年）到现在，由于多年冻土退化，年温度继续升高，更显着地有利于额外的可用水量。硅藻数据表明，所有时期的可用水量都有几个增加的间隔，这可能由于降雨事件增多或融雪增加而导致侵蚀。