INTRODUCTION An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favour of oxidants, potentially leading to damage, is termed oxidative stress. Antioxidants (AO), either enzymatic or non-enzymatic, are the ones that can reduce diverse effects of pro-oxidants such as DNA, proteins and lipids damage. Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are open chain flavonoids that are widely biosynthesized in plants. Aim of this study was to test antioxidative potency of 15 chalcones (Chs) in in vitro model in serum (native conditions), so as with exogenously induced oxidative stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS Oxidative stress was induced in serum samples of healthy individuals with 0.25 mmol/L terc-buthyl-hydroperoxide (TBH), and then we monitored the effects of various concentrations of chalcones on oxidative stress parameters: total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), total concentration of sulfhydryl group (SHG) and prooxidative-antioxidative balance (PAB), and calculated prooxidative score, antioxidative score, and oxy score (OS). Nonparametric repeated measures ANOVA (Friedman's test) was used for comparison of antioxidative potency of samples with 15 different chalcones, in a native state and upon TBH influence. Spearman's nonparametric correlation analysis was used for estimation of relation between different parameters. RESULTS Negative Oxy Score (OS) values for Chs11-15 showed significantly stronger antioxidative potency compared to other investigated chalcones (p < 0.05). Ch11, Ch13 and Ch14 remained with negative OS even after TBH addition, whereas OS of Ch12 and Ch15 became positive, with small nominal values. Samples with Ch11 and Ch13 showed significant negative correlation between TAS and TOS (p < 0.05 for both), but in Ch14 sample the negative correlation existed between TAS and PAB (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Lower value of OS (i.e. better antioxidative potency) was noticed in samples with Ch11-Ch15. Electron-donor effects of substituent groups as a structural part of these chalcones could explain its antioxidative capability. Phenolic and methyl groups are responsible for antioxidative ability enhancement of five chalcones with the best activity.

中文翻译：

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查尔孔酮在人血清中抗氧化能力的差异：体外研究。

引言氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间的不平衡以氧化剂为先导，可能导致损害，被称为氧化应激。酶性或非酶性抗氧化剂（AO）均可减少促氧化剂如DNA，蛋白质和脂质损伤的多种作用。Chalcones（1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones）是在植物中广泛生物合成的开链类黄酮。这项研究的目的是在体外模型中（天然条件下）测试15个查耳酮（Chs）的抗氧化能力，以及外源性氧化应激。材料与方法用0.25 mmol / L叔丁基氢过氧化氢（TBH）在健康个体的血清样品中诱导氧化应激，然后我们监测了各种浓度的查耳酮对氧化应激参数的影响：总抗氧化状态（TAS），总氧化状态（TOS），巯基总浓度（SHG）和氧化前-抗氧化平衡（PAB），以及计算出的氧化前评分，抗氧化评分和氧化评分（OS）。采用非参数重复测量方差分析（Friedman's test），以天然状态和TBH影响比较具有15种不同查耳酮的样品的抗氧化能力。Spearman的非参数相关分析用于估计不同参数之间的关系。结果Chs11-15的负氧评分（OS）值显示出比其他研究的查耳酮显着更强的抗氧化能力（p <0.05）。即使添加TBH后，Ch11，Ch13和Ch14的OS仍为负，而Ch12和Ch15的OS变为正，标称值较小。Ch11和Ch13样品显示TAS和TOS之间显着负相关（两者均p <0.05），但Ch14样品中TAS和PAB之间存在负相关（p <0.05）。结论在带有Ch11-Ch15的样品中发现较低的OS值（即更好的抗氧化能力）。作为这些查耳酮的结构部分的取代基的电子给体效应可以解释其抗氧化能力。苯酚和甲基负责增强五个具有最佳活性的查耳酮的抗氧化能力。作为这些查耳酮的结构部分的取代基的电子给体效应可以解释其抗氧化能力。苯酚和甲基负责增强五个具有最佳活性的查耳酮的抗氧化能力。作为这些查耳酮的结构部分的取代基的电子给体效应可以解释其抗氧化能力。苯酚和甲基负责增强五个具有最佳活性的查耳酮的抗氧化能力。