A growing body of literature suggests that OT administration may affect not only prosocial outcomes, but also regulate adversarial responses in the context of intergroup relations. However, recent reports have challenged the view of a fixed role of OT in enhancing ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation. Studying the potential effects of OT in modulating threat perception in a context characterized by racial miscegenation (Brazil) may thus afford additional clarification on the matter. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, White Brazilian participants completed a first-person shooter task to assess their responses towards potential threat from racial ingroup (White) or outgroup (Black) members. OT administration enhanced the social salience of the outgroup, by both increasing the rate at which participants refrained from shooting unarmed Black targets to levels similar to White targets, and by further increasing the rate of correct decisions to shoot armed Black targets (versus White armed targets). In summary, our results indicate that a single dose of OT may promote accurate behavioral responses to potential threat from members of a racial outgroup, thus offering support to the social salience hypothesis.

中文翻译：

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催产素在潜在威胁的情况下增加了外来群体的社会关注度。

越来越多的文献表明，OT管理不仅会影响亲社会的结果，而且还会在群体间关系的背景下调节对抗性反应。然而，最近的报道挑战了OT在增强集团内偏爱和集团外克减的固定作用的观点。因此，在种族歧视（巴西）为背景的情况下研究OT在调节威胁感知中的潜在影响可能会进一步澄清此事。在一项双盲，安慰剂对照的研究中，巴西白人参与者完成了第一人称射击任务，以评估他们对种族内群（白人）或外群（黑人）成员的潜在威胁的反应。OT管理提高了外来群体的社会知名度，通过将参与者避免向未武装的黑人目标开枪的比率提高到与白人目标相似的水平，以及进一步提高对黑人武装目标（相对于白人武装目标）的正确决策的比率。总而言之，我们的研究结果表明，单剂OT可以促进对种族外来成员的潜在威胁的准确行为反应，从而为社会显着性假设提供支持。