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Holocene extreme paleofloods and their climatological context, Upper Colorado River Basin, USA
Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-05 , DOI: 10.1177/0309133320904038
Tao Liu 1 , Lin Ji 1 , Victor R Baker 1 , Tessa M Harden 2 , Michael L Cline 3
Affiliation  

Given its singular importance for water resources in the southwestern USA, the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) is remarkable for the paucity of its conventional hydrological record of extreme flooding. Short-term record-based flood frequency analyses lead to very great aleatory uncertainties about infrequent extreme flood events and their climate-driven causal associations. This study uses paleoflood hydrology to examine a small portion of the underutilized, but very extensive natural record of Holocene extreme floods in the UCRB. We perform a meta-analysis of 82 extreme paleofloods from 18 slack water deposit sites in the UCRB to show linkages between Holocene climate patterns and extreme floods. The analysis demonstrates several clusters of extreme flood activity: 8040–7960, 4400–4300, 3600–3460, 2900–2740, 2390–1980, 1810–720, and 600–0 years BP. The extreme paleofloods were found to occur during both dry and wet periods in the paleoclimate record. When compared with independent paleoclimatic records across the Rocky Mountains and the southwestern USA, the observed temporal clustering pattern of UCRB extreme paleofloods shows associations with periods of abruptly intensified North Pacific-derived storms connected with enhanced variability of El Niño. This approach demonstrates the value of creating paleohydrological databases and comparing them with hydro-climatic proxies in order to identify natural patterns and to discover possible linkages to fundamental processes such as changes in climate.

中文翻译:

美国上科罗拉多河流域全新世极端古洪水及其气候背景

鉴于其对美国西南部水资源的特殊重要性,上科罗拉多河流域 (UCRB) 因其缺乏极端洪水的常规水文记录而引人注目。基于记录的短期洪水频率分析导致关于罕见的极端洪水事件及其气候驱动的因果关系的非常大的偶然不确定性。这项研究使用古洪水水文学来检查 UCRB 中未被充分利用但非常广泛的全新世极端洪水自然记录的一小部分。我们对来自 UCRB 的 18 个枯水沉积点的 82 次极端古洪水进行了荟萃分析,以显示全新世气候模式与极端洪水之间的联系。分析显示了几个极端洪水活动集群:8040-7960、4400-4300、3600-3460、2900-2740、2390-1980、1810-720、和 600-0 年 BP。在古气候记录中发现极端古洪水发生在干燥和潮湿时期。与落基山脉和美国西南部的独立古气候记录相比,观察到的 UCRB 极端古洪水的时间聚集模式显示与突然增强的北太平洋风暴时期相关,与厄尔尼诺现象的增强变异性有关。这种方法展示了创建古水文数据库并将其与水文气候代理进行比较以识别自然模式并发现与气候变化等基本过程可能存在的联系的价值。与落基山脉和美国西南部的独立古气候记录相比,观察到的 UCRB 极端古洪水的时间聚集模式显示与突然增强的北太平洋风暴时期相关,与厄尔尼诺现象的增强变异性有关。这种方法展示了创建古水文数据库并将其与水文气候代理进行比较以识别自然模式并发现与气候变化等基本过程可能存在的联系的价值。与落基山脉和美国西南部的独立古气候记录相比,观察到的 UCRB 极端古洪水的时间聚集模式显示与突然增强的北太平洋风暴时期相关,与厄尔尼诺现象的增强变异性有关。这种方法展示了创建古水文数据库并将其与水文气候代理进行比较以识别自然模式并发现与气候变化等基本过程可能存在的联系的价值。
更新日期:2020-02-05
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