Hazards often do not occur in isolation and, for this reason, a multi-hazard approach is vital in realising their impact and providing solutions for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. We present a novel framework that emerges from a bibliometric analysis of the multi-hazard literature and a critical appraisal of the existing approaches. It was found that multi-hazard research has expanded greatly over the last 20 years, furthering our understanding of the subject with important applications in risk assessment and management. These studies have contextualised multi-hazards, developed models and frameworks to analyse them, provided case studies to test multi-hazard-based approaches and produced reviews. It was found that landslides and floods are the most frequently co-occurring hazards within the bibliographic dataset, yet understanding of their interactions, hydrometeorological drivers and landscape controls remains poorly conceptualised. Therefore, we propose a new framework for investigating water-related multi-hazards that leverages and synthesises existing methods to address the challenges identified to date. We also find a geographical bias, with less multi-hazard research in lower- and middle-income countries and remote environments due to data scarcity and limited accessibility. Our framework therefore includes the ability to address geographically specific key considerations including available and accessible data, community variability and cross-sectoral collaborations. In doing so it offers guidance on structuring future analyses to improve our understanding of multi-hazards, reduce disaster risk, increase community resilience and make progress towards sustainable development.

中文翻译：

---

在可持续发展背景下理解与水相关的多种灾害的框架

灾害通常不会孤立发生，因此，应对多种灾害的方法对于实现其影响并为减少灾害风险和可持续发展提供解决方案至关重要。我们提出了一个新颖的框架，该框架来自对多危害文献的文献计量分析和对现有方法的批判性评估。研究发现，在过去 20 年中，多灾种研究得到了极大扩展，进一步加深了我们对该主题的理解，并在风险评估和管理中具有重要应用。这些研究将多种灾害置于背景下，开发了模型和框架来分析它们，提供案例研究来测试基于多种灾害的方法并产生评论。发现山体滑坡和洪水是书目数据集中最常同时发生的灾害，然而，对它们的相互作用、水文气象驱动因素和景观控制的理解仍然缺乏概念化。因此，我们提出了一个新的框架来调查与水有关的多种灾害，该框架利用和综合现有方法来应对迄今为止确定的挑战。我们还发现了地理偏差，由于数据稀缺和可访问性有限，在中低收入国家和偏远环境中进行的多灾害研究较少。因此，我们的框架包括解决地理特定关键考虑因素的能力，包括可用和可访问的数据、社区可变性和跨部门合作。在此过程中，它为构建未来分析提供指导，以提高我们对多种灾害的理解，减少灾害风险，