Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is an unusual paroxysmal sensory parasomnia (1), which is characterised by the painless perception of abrupt, loud noises at transitional sleep-wake or wake-sleep states (2,3). Goadsby and Sharpless have recently argued that the term exploding head syndrome is an incomplete description, and have proposed the use of the term Episodic Cranial Sensory Shock to more accurately reflect the original 1876 account given by Mitchell, in whose case report a patient with a notion of a “pistol shot” going off in the night, is described (4). A chronic occurrence of the attacks, with a highly variable frequency, from one attack every few days to several attacks per night, is common. A study of parasomnia prevalence, which applied the Munich Parasomnia Screening questionnaire to 180 healthy participants, found a lifetime prevalence of EHS of 11% (5), with a second, slightly larger and specific study of young adults yielding 18%, within which 16.5% reported experiencing recurrent episodes (6). Building on these population-based data, Denis and colleagues recently surveyed 199 female undergraduates to find a lifetime prevalence of 37.2% (6.5% experiencing monthly episodes), with insomnia and sleep paralysis showing a significant co-association with EHS (7). In a much larger international sample of 1683 participants, the same authors demonstrated an additionally high lifetime prevalence of 29.6% for EHS, with monthly episodes occurring in 3.9% (7). In this sample, in addition to insomnia and sleep paralysis, nightmares, and dissociative episodes during wakefulness, a co-association after application of multiple logistic regression models was also demonstrated (7).

中文翻译：

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α 波段振荡期间节律的共同激活作为爆头综合征的发作间期生物标志物。

爆炸头综合征 (EHS) 是一种不寻常的阵发性感觉异态睡眠 (1)，其特征是在过渡性睡眠-觉醒或觉醒-睡眠状态时对突然的巨大噪音的无痛感知 (2,3)。Goadsby 和 Sharpless 最近认为爆炸头综合征这个术语是一个不完整的描述，并提议使用术语“发作性颅感觉休克”来更准确地反映米切尔在 1876 年给出的原始描述，在他的案例中，患者报告了一个有概念的患者描述了夜间发生的“手枪射击”（4）。发作的慢性发生频率变化很大，从每隔几天发作一次到每晚发作几次，是很常见的。一项关于睡眠异常流行的研究，将慕尼黑睡眠异常筛查问卷应用于 180 名健康参与者，发现 EHS 的终生患病率为 11% (5)，第二次对年轻人进行的规模稍大且具体的研究为 18%，其中 16.5% 报告经历了反复发作 (6)。基于这些基于人群的数据，Denis 及其同事最近对 199 名女大学生进行了调查，发现终生患病率为 37.2%（每月发作 6.5%），失眠和睡眠麻痹与 EHS 有显着的共同关联 (7)。在更大的 1683 名参与者的国际样本中，同一作者证明了 EHS 的终生患病率高达 29.6%，每月发作率为 3.9% (7)。在这个样本中，除了失眠和睡眠麻痹、噩梦和清醒时的分离性发作，