Studies over the past three years have substantially expanded the involvements of eIF3 in mRNA translation. It now appears that this multi-subunit complex is involved in every possible form of mRNA translation, controlling every step of protein synthesis from initiation to elongation, termination, and quality control in positive as well as negative fashion. Through the study of eIF3, we are beginning to appreciate protein synthesis as a highly integrated process coordinating protein production with protein folding, subcellular targeting, and degradation. At the same time, eIF3 subunits appear to have specific functions that probably vary between different tissues and individual cells. Considering the broad functions of eIF3 in protein homeostasis, it comes as little surprise that eIF3 is increasingly implicated in major human diseases and first attempts at therapeutically targeting eIF3 have been undertaken. Much remains to be learned, however, about subunit- and tissue-specific functions of eIF3 in protein synthesis and disease and their regulation by environmental conditions and posttranslational modifications.

中文翻译：

---

eIF-Three to Tango：翻译起始因子 eIF3 在蛋白质合成和疾病中的新兴功能。


过去三年的研究大大扩展了 eIF3 在 mRNA 翻译中的参与。现在看来，这种多亚基复合物参与了 mRNA 翻译的每种可能形式，控制着蛋白质合成的每一步，从起始到延伸、终止，以及正向和负向方式的质量控制。通过对 eIF3 的研究，我们开始认识到蛋白质合成是一个高度集成的过程，协调蛋白质生产与蛋白质折叠、亚细胞靶向和降解。与此同时，eIF3 亚基似乎具有特定的功能，这些功能可能在不同的组织和个体细胞之间有所不同。考虑到 eIF3 在蛋白质稳态中的广泛功能，eIF3 与主要人类疾病的关系日益密切也就不足为奇了，并且已经进行了针对 eIF3 的治疗性首次尝试。然而，关于 eIF3 在蛋白质合成和疾病中的亚基和组织特异性功能及其受环境条件和翻译后修饰的调节，还有很多有待了解。