Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, which is severely threatened by drought. Therefore, understanding grapevine drought response mechanisms is needed to develop grapevine cultivars that can tolerate this stress. In the present report, a comparative proteomic study using 2D-PAGE was performed on two wild grapevine accessions, Tebaba (salt tolerant) and Houamdia (salt sensitive), to identify proteins that play key roles in drought responsive mechanisms. Plants were exposed to water deficit stress for 16 days. Physiological observations did not indicate any difference in drought tolerance between the two accessions. However, the comparative proteomic study showed that 18 drought-responsive proteins changed in both accessions under drought stress and 48 (29 in Houamdia and 19 in Tebaba) were variety specific. Based on changes in protein abundance induced by drought stress, carbohydrate and energy metabolism were similarly up-regulated in both accessions. Amino acid metabolism was more negatively affected by the stress in Houamdia accession. Interestingly, the three ROS scavenging proteins APX, ASR2 and GRXS17 were up-regulated only in Tebaba. Some drought-responsive proteins, such as RBP, RuBisCO, RCA, 26S protease, CLpA and 14–3-3-like protein were up-regulated by the stress in Tebaba, whereas they were down-regulated in Houamdia. Taken together, these results suggest that Tebaba may alleviate drought stress through an activation of photosynthesis and redox reactions, and a degradation of misfolded/damaged proteins. Information given in this report could be helpful for selecting candidate proteins/genes as markers in improving drought tolerance in grapevine cultivars.

中文翻译：

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两种野生葡萄（Vitis sylvestris）叶片对干旱胁迫的生理和蛋白质组学反应：一项比较研究

葡萄是世界上最重要的水果作物之一，受到干旱的严重威胁。因此，需要了解葡萄藤干旱响应机制来开发能够耐受这种胁迫的葡萄栽培品种。在本报告中，对两个野生葡萄品种 Tebaba（耐盐）和 Houamdia（盐敏感）进行了使用 2D-PAGE 的比较蛋白质组学研究，以鉴定在干旱响应机制中起关键作用的蛋白质。植物暴露于缺水胁迫16天。生理观察没有表明两个种质之间的耐旱性有任何差异。然而，比较蛋白质组学研究表明，在干旱胁迫下，两个种质中有 18 种干旱响应蛋白发生了变化，48 种（Houamdia 中 29 种，Tebaba 中 19 种）具有品种特异性。基于干旱胁迫引起的蛋白质丰度的变化，碳水化合物和能量代谢在两个种质中都类似地上调。Houamdia 种质中的胁迫对氨基酸代谢的负面影响更大。有趣的是，三种 ROS 清除蛋白 APX、ASR2 和 GRXS17 仅在 Tebaba 中上调。一些干旱响应蛋白，如 RBP、RuBisCO、RCA、26S 蛋白酶、CLpA 和 14-3-3 样蛋白在 Tebaba 中被胁迫上调，而在 Houamdia 中被下调。综上所述，这些结果表明 Tebaba 可以通过激活光合作用和氧化还原反应以及降解错误折叠/损坏的蛋白质来缓解干旱压力。