Background

The consequences of climate change are highly impeding the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) anywhere, especially in low and middle-income countries. While climate change scales up, its health-related risks increase, which in turn leads to cause new challenges for public health. As a second largest country of the Eastern Mediterranean Region of World Health Organization, Iran is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change.

Purpose

This study seeks the notion of health risks and challenges of climate change in Iran and provide potential evidence-based remedies to prevent and diminish such destructive effects.

Methods

A comprehensive literature in various computerized databases was conducted, and numerous published original research and review articles about climate change status and evidences of adverse health consequences of climate change in Iran were reviewed.

Results

The evidence suggests that the expected health challenges related to climate change in Iran are: rising temperatures; frequent extreme weather events; reduction of air quality; food-borne, water-borne, and vector-borne diseases; mental health and well-being consequences; and the increasing trend of natural disasters and deaths associated with climatological hazards.

Conclusions

By considering the growing burden of diseases associated with climate variability in Iran as well as the interdisciplinary nature of climate change and health issues, an integrated, multi-sectoral, and comprehensive approach for identification, prioritization, and implementation of adaptation options is required by Ministry of Health and Medical Education as a custodian of public health in order to enhance the resiliency and adaption against adverse health effects of climate change.

中文翻译：

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伊朗的气候变化与健康：叙述性评论。

背景

气候变化的后果严重阻碍了任何地方可持续发展目标 (SDG) 的实现，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。在气候变化扩大的同时，其与健康相关的风险也在增加，这反过来又给公共卫生带来了新的挑战。作为世界卫生组织东地中海区域的第二大国家，伊朗极易受到气候变化的影响。

目的

本研究寻求伊朗气候变化的健康风险和挑战的概念，并提供潜在的循证补救措施，以防止和减少此类破坏性影响。

方法

对各种计算机化数据库中的综合文献进行了审查，并审查了许多关于气候变化状况和伊朗气候变化对健康不利后果的证据的原创研究和评论文章。

结果

证据表明，与伊朗气候变化相关的预期健康挑战是：气温上升；频繁的极端天气事件；降低空气质量；食源性疾病、水源性疾病和病媒传播疾病；心理健康和福祉后果；以及与气候灾害相关的自然灾害和死亡人数的增加趋势。

结论

考虑到伊朗与气候变化相关的疾病负担日益加重，以及气候变化和健康问题的跨学科性质，卫生部需要一种综合、多部门和综合的方法来确定、优先排序和实施适应方案卫生和医学教育部作为公共卫生的监护人，以增强抵御气候变化对健康不利影响的能力和适应能力。