Structural fire protection design in the United States is based on prescriptive fire-resistance ratings of individual load-bearing elements which are derived from standard fire testing, e.g. ASTM E119. In standard fire testing, a custom-built gas furnace is traditionally used to heat a test specimen by following the gas temperature-time curve prescribed in the ASTM E119 standard. The span length of the test specimen seldom exceeds 6 m due to the size limitations of available furnaces. Further, the test specimen does not incorporate realistic structural continuity. This paper presents a basis for designing an ASTM E119 fire environment in a large compartment of about 10 m wide, 7 m deep and 3.8 m high constructed in the National Fire Research Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Using the designed fire parameters which include heat release rate curve and opening condition (size and configuration), a full-scale experiment was carried out on December 20, 2018. The measured average upper layer gas temperature curve was consistent with the E119 fire curve. The maximum difference between the measured curve and the E119 fire curve towards the end of the test was about 70 $$^\circ \hbox {C}$$ ∘ C (7%). The study indicates that by proper design and control, the time-temperature curve for the standard fire testing may be approximated in a real compartment.

中文翻译：

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大型隔间中 ASTM E119 火灾环境的设计

美国的结构防火设计基于从标准防火测试（例如 ASTM E119）得出的单个承重元件的规定耐火等级。在标准火灾测试中，传统上使用定制的燃气炉按照 ASTM E119 标准中规定的气体温度-时间曲线加热试样。由于可用熔炉的尺寸限制，试样的跨度长度很少超过 6 m。此外，测试样本不包含现实的结构连续性。本文介绍了在美国国家标准与技术研究所国家火灾研究实验室建造的约 10 m 宽、7 m 深和 3.8 m 高的大型隔间中设计 ASTM E119 火灾环境的基础。2018 年 12 月 20 日，利用设计的放热率曲线和开启条件（尺寸和配置）等火灾参数，进行了实测，测得的平均上层气体温度曲线与 E119 火灾曲线一致。在测试结束时，测量曲线与 E119 燃烧曲线之间的最大差异约为 70 $$^\circ \hbox {C}$$ ∘ C (7%)。研究表明，通过适当的设计和控制，标准火灾测试的时间-温度曲线可以近似于真实隔间中。在测试结束时，测量曲线与 E119 燃烧曲线之间的最大差异约为 70 $$^\circ \hbox {C}$$ ∘ C (7%)。研究表明，通过适当的设计和控制，标准火灾测试的时间-温度曲线可以近似于真实隔间中。在测试结束时，测量曲线与 E119 燃烧曲线之间的最大差异约为 70 $$^\circ \hbox {C}$$ ∘ C (7%)。研究表明，通过适当的设计和控制，标准火灾测试的时间-温度曲线可以近似于真实隔间中。