This report describes the phenotypic characteristics of a novel Penicillium species, Penicillium labradorum, isolated from a 3-year-old male, castrated, Labrador retriever with disseminated fungal disease. The dog's presenting clinical signs included lethargy, lymphadenopathy, tachypnea, moderate pitting edema, and nonweight bearing lameness associated with the right hind limb. Fine-needle aspirate biopsies from the sublumbar and prescapular lymph nodes were initially examined. The cytologic findings were consistent with pyogranulomatous inflammation with abundant extracellular and phagocytized fungal fragments and hyphae. Based on the morphology of the organisms and lack of endogenous pigment, hyalohyphomycosis was considered most likely, with Fusarium, Penicillium, and Paecilomyces species being considerations. Fungal isolates were obtained via culture of samples from the lymph nodes, and molecular identification testing originally identified an undescribed Penicillium species belonging to the Penicillium section Exilicaulis. BLAST searches and phylogenetic analyses performed approximately 1 year and 9 months after the isolation date revealed an isolate within the Penicillium parvum clade in the Penicillium section Exilicaulis but phylogenetically distant from the other species in the section, thus representing a new species, Penicillium labradorum. Antifungal susceptibility testing was also performed on the isolate and low minimum inhibitory concentrations were observed with terbinafine, voriconazole, and posaconazole, while in vitro resistance was observed with fluconazole. The dog had been previously treated with fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B lipid complex, voriconazole, and terbinafine. Approximately 587 days after the initial diagnosis, the dog was euthanized due to worsening of clinical signs and concerns for quality of life.

中文翻译：

---

导致拉布拉多犬传播疾病的新型青霉菌种

该报告描述了一种新的青霉属物种的表型特征，该青霉属物种是从3岁的男性cast割的拉布拉多犬中分离出的一种散发性真菌病的青霉菌。这只狗的临床体征包括嗜睡，淋巴结肿大，呼吸急促，中度点蚀性水肿和与右后肢相关的不重la足。最初检查了腰下和肩cap前淋巴结的细针穿刺活检。细胞学检查结果与脓性肉芽肿性炎症一致，有大量胞外和吞噬的真菌碎片和菌丝。根据生物体的形态和缺乏内源性色素的情况，透明质霉菌病最有可能被认为是镰刀菌，青霉菌和拟青霉菌。通过培养来自淋巴结的样品获得真菌分离物，并且分子鉴定测试最初鉴定出属于青霉节Exilicaulis的未描述的青霉菌种。分离日期后约1年零9个月进行的BLAST搜索和系统发育分析显示，在青霉段Exilicaulis的青霉小枝进化枝内有一个分离株，但与该段中的其他物种在系统发育上相距甚远，因此代表了一个新物种拉布拉多尔霉。还对分离物进行了抗真菌药敏试验，特比萘芬，伏立康唑和泊沙康唑的最低抑菌浓度较低，而氟康唑的体外耐药性较低。这只狗之前曾接受过氟康唑，伊曲康唑，两性霉素B脂质复合物，伏立康唑和特比萘芬。最初诊断后约587天，由于临床体征恶化和对生活质量的担忧，对这只狗实施了安乐死。