In the last decades, Candida albicans has served as the leading causal agent of life-threatening invasive infections with mortality rates approaching 40% despite treatment. Candida albicans (C. albicans) exists in three biological phases: yeast, pseudohyphae, and hyphae. Hyphae, which represent an important phase in the disease process, can cause tissue damage by invading mucosal epithelial cells then leading to blood infection. In this review, we summarized recent results from different fields of fungal cell biology that are instrumental in understanding hyphal growth. This includes research on the differences among C. albicans phases; the regulatory mechanism of hyphal growth, extension, and maintaining cutting-edge polarity; cross regulations of hyphal development and the virulence factors that cause serious infection. With a better understanding of the mechanism on mycelium formation, this review provides a theoretical basis for the identification of targets in candidiasis treatment. It also gives some reference to the study of antifungal drugs.

中文翻译：

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白色念珠菌中菌丝生长的调控。

在过去的几十年中，白色念珠菌一直是威胁生命的侵入性感染的主要诱因，尽管进行了治疗，其死亡率仍接近40％。白色念珠菌（C. albicans）存在于三个生物学阶段：酵母，假菌丝和菌丝。菌丝是疾病过程中的重要阶段，可通过侵入粘膜上皮细胞而导致组织损伤，进而导致血液感染。在这篇综述中，我们总结了真菌细胞生物学不同领域的最新研究结果，这些研究有助于理解菌丝的生长。这包括研究白色念珠菌阶段之间的差异；菌丝生长，延伸和维持尖端极性的调节机制；菌丝发育和引起严重感染的毒力因子的交叉规定。有了对菌丝体形成机理的更好理解，本综述为念珠菌病治疗中靶标的鉴定提供了理论基础。同时也为抗真菌药物的研究提供了参考。