Background Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the most common bacteria responsible for human gastroenteritis worldwide. The mode of human transmission is foodborne infections due to consumption of contaminated food, especially poultry. Type 6 secretion systems (T6SS) were described recently as Campylobacter virulence mechanisms. Furthermore, infection sequelae associated with neurological disorders like Guillain-Barré (GBS) and Miller Fisher (MF) syndromes can become serious health problems in some patients after Campylobacter gastroenteritis. Our objective was to determine the distribution of these virulence genes among C. jejuni isolated from stool of human diarrhea. Methods A total of 524 C. jejuni strains from travelers and pediatric cases of acute diarrhea in Thailand were selected for this study. All isolates belonged to one of 20 known capsule types and all were assayed by PCR for T6SS, a hemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp) gene, and GBS-associated genes (cgtA, cgtB, cstII HS19 and cstII HS2 ) which are involved in sialic acid production in the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) cores of C. jejuni. The distribution of these genes are summarized and discussed. Results Of all isolates with these 20 capsule types identified, 328 (62.6%) were positive for hcp, ranging from 29.2 to 100% among 10 capsule types. The GBS-associated LOS genes were detected among 14 capsule type isolates with 24.4% and 23.3% of C. jejuni isolates possessed either cstII HS19 or all three genes (cgtA, cgtB and cstII HS19 ), which were classified as LOS classes A and B whereas 9.2% of C. jejuni isolates possessing cstII HS2 were classified as LOS class C. The C. jejuni isolates of LOS A, B, and C together accounted for 56.9% of the isolates among 14 different capsule types while 31.1% of all C. jejuni isolates did not possess any GBS-associated genes. No significant difference was detected from C. jejuni isolates possessing GBS-associated LOS genes among travelers and children, but changes between those with hcp were significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results suggested a high diversity of hcp and GBS-associated LOS genes among capsule types of C. jejuni isolated from Thailand.

中文翻译：

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在泰国从人类腹泻中分离出的空肠弯曲杆菌中诱导神经节苷脂拟态的 6 型分泌系统和脂寡糖相关基因的分布。

背景 空肠弯曲杆菌 (C. jejuni) 是世界范围内引起人类胃肠炎的最常见细菌之一。人类传播的方式是由于食用受污染的食物，尤其是家禽而引起的食源性感染。6 型分泌系统 (T6SS) 最近被描述为弯曲杆菌的毒力机制。此外，与格林-巴利 (GBS) 和米勒费舍尔 (MF) 综合征等神经系统疾病相关的感染后遗症可能会成为弯曲杆菌胃肠炎后某些患者的严重健康问题。我们的目标是确定这些毒力基因在从人类腹泻粪便中分离出来的空肠弯曲杆菌中的分布。方法 从泰国的旅行者和儿童急性腹泻病例中选取 524 株空肠弯曲杆菌进行本研究。所有分离物都属于 20 种已知荚膜类型之一，所有分离物均通过 PCR 检测 T6SS、溶血素共调节蛋白 (hcp) 基因和 GBS 相关基因（cgtA、cgtB、cstII HS19 和 cstII HS2）空肠弯曲杆菌的脂寡糖 (LOS) 核心中的唾液酸产生。对这些基因的分布进行了总结和讨论。结果在鉴定出这20种胶囊型的所有分离株中，328株（62.6%）为hcp阳性，在10种胶囊型中为29.2-100%。在 14 个荚膜型分离株中检测到 GBS 相关 LOS 基因，其中 24.4% 和 23.3% 的空肠弯曲杆菌分离株具有 cstII HS19 或所有三个基因（cgtA、cgtB 和 cstII HS19），它们被归类为 LOS A 类和 B 类而拥有 cstII HS2 的 9.2% 的空肠弯曲菌分离株被归类为 LOS C 类。LOS A、B 和 C 的空肠分离株合计占 14 种不同荚膜类型中分离株的 56.9%，而所有空肠弯曲杆菌分离株中的 31.1% 不具有任何 GBS 相关基因。在旅行者和儿童中，具有 GBS 相关 LOS 基因的空肠弯曲杆菌分离株未检测到显着差异，但 hcp 患者之间的变化是显着的 (p < 0.05)。结论 我们的结果表明在泰国分离的空肠弯曲杆菌荚膜类型中 hcp 和 GBS 相关 LOS 基因的多样性很高。但 hcp 患者之间的变化是显着的 (p < 0.05)。结论 我们的结果表明在泰国分离的空肠弯曲杆菌荚膜类型中 hcp 和 GBS 相关 LOS 基因的多样性很高。但 hcp 患者之间的变化是显着的 (p < 0.05)。结论 我们的结果表明在泰国分离的空肠弯曲杆菌荚膜类型中 hcp 和 GBS 相关 LOS 基因的多样性很高。