TWDM PON is an emerging access architecture that is capable of offering different categories of services. For example, the operator can provide high-priced failure-proof services to the business users by deploying redundant elements in this network, along with low-priced unprotected service to the residential users. In this article, we analyze the economics of optical networks with a provision of such hybrid services. Specifically, we describe the operator as an economic entity that targets to maximize its earned profit by judiciously choosing the subscribers, the data rate price, the primary and redundant components that need to be deployed in the network to serve both business and residential users. The operator's profit maximization appears to be an MINLP (a mixed integer non-linear problem) that is hard to solve via polynomially complex algorithms. Interestingly, we show that, if users’ demand functions crossover at most finitely many points, one can develop an efficient algorithm to solve this optimization. For homogeneous user demand, we obtain a set of inequations that depicts economic viability of the optical network. Alongside, we also investigate how the system parameters impact different economic outcomes. Our model reveals several insightful results. For example, we exhibit that, by deploying optical fibers and leasing it to the operator at high prices, the government can earn a large revenue. However, this depreciates the number of served consumers. Similar trade-off is also observed between the user number and their welfare. Most part of our article considers a full protection scheme where the operator guarantees $\text{100}\%$ protection against service failures to the corporate users. Later we also extend our analysis to the case where the protection is guaranteed with a certain availability, $\alpha < 1$. In this context, we show how the availability requirements of the corporate users affect the sustainability and economics of the network.

中文翻译：

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弹性 TWDM PON 的经济性

TWDM PON 是一种新兴的接入架构，能够提供不同类别的服务。例如，运营商可以通过在该网络中部署冗余元素为商业用户提供高价的防故障服务，同时为住宅用户提供低价的无保护服务。在本文中，我们分析了提供此类混合服务的光网络的经济性。具体而言，我们将运营商描述为一个经济实体，其目标是通过明智地选择用户、数据速率价格、需要部署在网络中以服务商业和住宅用户的主要和冗余组件来最大化其赚取的利润。运营商' s 利润最大化似乎是一个 MINLP（混合整数非线性问题），很难通过多项式复杂算法解决。有趣的是，我们表明，如果用户的需求函数交叉最多有限多个点，则可以开发一种有效的算法来解决此优化问题。对于同质用户需求，我们获得了一组描述光网络经济可行性的不等式。此外，我们还研究了系统参数如何影响不同的经济结果。我们的模型揭示了几个有见地的结果。例如，我们展示了通过部署光纤并以高价出租给运营商，政府可以获得大量收入。但是，这会降低所服务消费者的数量。在用户数量和他们的福利之间也观察到类似的权衡。我们文章的大部分内容都考虑了一个完整的保护方案，其中运营商保证 $\text{100}\%$ 保护企业用户免受服务故障的影响。稍后我们还将我们的分析扩展到在一定可用性下保证保护的情况，$\alpha < 1$。在这种情况下，我们展示了企业用户的可用性要求如何影响网络的可持续性和经济性。