Abstract Accurate prediction of tunnel behavior and damage states under seismic loading remains a challenge. This study carried out tunnel behavior and risk assessment using numerical dynamic analysis on a NATM tunnel. A hypoplastic model that considers intergranular strain was calibrated for a particular sand using experimental tests and numerical simulations. It then was used in numerical simulations for the surrounding soil to allow precise prediction of soil dynamic behavior at all ranges of strain. The elastic perfectly plastic model was used for the tunnel lining to detect plastic hinges under seismic motion. Similar trends for all drift-PGA curves at different surcharges and soil densities indicate that all models experienced the same phenomena at similar time intervals and represent different performance levels. The serviceability level of the tunnel is the point at which the first plastic hinge forms. The collapse prevention level produces failure mechanisms that cause instability and collapse.

中文翻译：

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具有非线性土体和衬砌特征的地震作用下隧道性能分析

摘要 地震荷载作用下隧道行为和损伤状态的准确预测仍然是一个挑战。本研究使用数值动态分析对 NATM 隧道进行隧道行为和风险评估。使用实验测试和数值模拟针对特定沙子校准了考虑晶间应变的亚塑性模型。然后将其用于周围土壤的数值模拟，以精确预测所有应变范围内的土壤动态行为。弹塑性模型用于隧道衬砌检测地震运动下的塑性铰。不同附加费和土壤密度下所有漂移-PGA 曲线的相似趋势表明，所有模型在相似的时间间隔都经历了相同的现象，并代表了不同的性能水平。隧道的适用性水平是形成第一个塑性铰的点。崩溃预防级别会产生导致不稳定和崩溃的失效机制。