Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) were found to boost mammal energy conversion by modulating gut-microbial community structure, gene orthologs and metabolic pathways. Here we examined the metabolites present in the gut-microbiota-dependent mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and urea cycle using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-heated electrospray ionization (HESI)-tandem liquid chromatogram mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Six groups (n=12) of Sprague–Dawley rats (6-mo, ~250 g) were administered with water containing 0%, 0.5%, and 1.5% GTPs (wt/vol or g/dL). Gut-content samples were collected at 3- and 6-mo. Untargeted metabolomics detected 2177 features, with 91 features demonstrating significant dose- and time-dependencies on the GTPs treatment. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed remarkable changes of 39 metabolites in the mitochondrial TCA cycle and urea cycle, including argininosuccunic acid (0.9-fold vs control), dihydrouracil (1.14-fold vs control), fumaric acid (1.19-fold vs control), malic acid (2.17-fold vs control), citrulline (1.86-fold vs control), and succinic acid (0.4-fold vs control). The untargeted metabolomics data were mined using bioinformatics approaches, such as analysis of variance-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA), enrichment pathway analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway mapping analysis. The results of 16S rRNA survey, metagenomics analysis, and metabolomics analysis were extrapolated and integrated using databases of Integrated Microbial Genomes and Microbiomes (IMG/M) and KEGG. Our analysis demonstrates that GTPs enhance energy conversion by boosting mitochondrial TCA cycle and urea cycle of gut-microbiota in rats. This metabolic modulation is achieved by enriching many gene orthologs, following the increase of beneficial microbials in families C. Ruminococcaceae, C. Lachnospiraceae and B. Bacteroidaceae.

发现绿茶多酚（GTP）通过调节肠道微生物群落结构，基因直系同源物和代谢途径来促进哺乳动物的能量转化。在这里，我们使用亲水相互作用色谱（HILIC）-加热电喷雾电离（HESI）-串联液相色谱质谱法（LC-MS）检查了肠道菌群依赖性线粒体三羧酸（TCA）循环和尿素循环中存在的代谢物。六组（n = 12）的Sprague-Dawley大鼠（6个月，约250 g）被给予含有0％，0.5％和1.5％GTP（wt / vol或g / dL）的水。肠内容物样本在3和6个月收集。非靶向代谢组学检测到2177个特征，其中91个特征证明了GTP治疗具有明显的剂量和时间依赖性。VS控制），二氢尿嘧啶（1.14倍VS控制），富马酸（1.19倍VS控制），苹果酸（2.17倍VS控制），瓜氨酸（1.86倍VS控制）和琥珀酸（0.4倍VS控制）。使用生物信息学方法（例如方差同时成分分析（ASCA），富集途径分析和《京都基因与基因组百科全书》（KEGG）途径作图分析）来挖掘未靶向的代谢组学数据。使用整合微生物基因组和微生物组（IMG / M）和KEGG的数据库外推和整合16S rRNA调查，宏基因组学分析和代谢组学分析的结果。我们的分析表明，GTP通过增强大鼠肠道菌群的线粒体TCA循环和尿素循环来增强能量转换。这种代谢调节是通过丰富的许多基因的同源基因实现的，有益微生物的家庭增加C. Ruminococcaceae，C.毛螺和B.拟杆菌科。