Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments rapidly reassemble into microvascular networks within implanted scaffolds. Herein, we analyzed the contribution of macrophages to this process. C57BL/6 mice received clodronate (clo)-containing liposomes for macrophage depletion, whereas animals treated with phosphate-buffered-saline-containing liposomes served as controls. Microvascular fragments were isolated from clo- and phosphate-buffered-saline-treated donor mice and seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices, which were implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers of clo- and phosphate-buffered-saline-treated recipient mice. The implants' vascularization and incorporation were analyzed by stereomicroscopy, intravital fluorescence microscopy, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Compared to controls, matrices within clo-treated animals exhibited a significantly reduced functional microvessel density. Moreover, they contained a lower fraction of microvessels with an α-smooth muscle actin (SMA)+ cell layer, indicating impaired vessel maturation. This was associated with a deteriorated implant incorporation. These findings demonstrate that macrophages not only promote the reassembly of microvascular fragments into microvascular networks, but also improve their maturation during this process.

中文翻译：

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巨噬细胞促进移植的脂肪组织来源的微血管片段的网络形成和成熟。

脂肪组织衍生的微血管片段在植入的支架内迅速重新组装成微血管网络。在这里，我们分析了巨噬细胞对该过程的贡献。C57BL / 6小鼠接受了含有氯膦酸盐（clo）的脂质体用于巨噬细胞耗竭，而用磷酸盐缓冲的含盐水的脂质体处理的动物作为对照。从经氯和磷酸盐缓冲盐水处理的供体小鼠分离微血管片段，并接种到胶原蛋白-糖胺聚糖基质上，将其植入经氯和磷酸盐缓冲盐水处理的受体小鼠的背皮腔中。通过立体显微镜，活体荧光显微镜，组织学和免疫组织化学分析植入物的血管化和掺入。与对照相比，经克隆处理的动物体内的基质显示出明显降低的功能性微血管密度。此外，它们含有较低比例的具有α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（SMA）+细胞层的微血管，表明血管成熟受损。这与植入物结合不良有关。这些发现表明，巨噬细胞不仅促进微血管片段重新组装成微血管网络，而且还改善了其在此过程中的成熟度。