Flavonoids represent a diversified family of phenylpropanoid‐derived plant secondary metabolites. They are widely found in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. There has been increasing interest on flavonoids because of their proven bioactivity associated with anti‐obesity and anti‐cancer, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐diabetic activity. Low bioavailability of flavonoids is a major challenge restricting their applications. Due to safety and economic issues, plant extraction or chemical synthesis could not provide a scalable route for large‐scale production. Alternatively, reconstruction of biosynthetic gene clusters in plants and industrially relevant microbes offer significant promise for discovery and scalable synthesis of flavonoids. This review provides an update on biotechnological production of flavonoids. The recent advances on plant metabolic engineering, microbial host, and genetically encoded biosensors are summarized. Plant metabolic engineering holds the promise to improve the yield of specific flavonoids and expand the chemical space of novel flavonoids. The choice of microbial host provides the cellular chassis that could be tailored for various stereo‐ or regio‐selective chemistries that are crucial for their bioactivities. When coupled with transcriptional biosensing, genetically encoded biosensors could be welded into cellular metabolism to achieve high throughput screening or dynamic carbon flux re‐allocation to deliver efficient microbial workhorse. The convergence of these technologies will translate the vast majority of plant genetic resources into valuable flavonoids with pharmaceutical/nutraceutical values in the foreseeable future.

中文翻译：

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黄酮类化合物的生物技术生产：植物代谢工程，微生物宿主选择和基因编码生物传感器的更新。

黄酮类化合物是由苯丙烷类化合物衍生的植物次生代谢产物的多元化家族。它们广泛存在于水果，蔬菜和草药中。由于类黄酮具有抗肥胖，抗癌，抗炎和抗糖尿病的活性，因此人们对类黄酮具有越来越高的兴趣。类黄酮的低生物利用度是限制其应用的主要挑战。由于安全和经济问题，植物提取或化学合成无法为大规模生产提供可扩展的途径。或者，在植物和与工业相关的微生物中生物合成基因簇的重建为发现和可扩展的类黄酮合成提供了重大希望。这篇评论提供了类黄酮生物技术生产的最新信息。总结了植物代谢工程，微生物宿主和遗传编码生物传感器的最新进展。植物代谢工程有望提高特定类黄酮的产量并扩大新型类黄酮的化学空间。微生物宿主的选择提供了可针对其生物活性至关重要的各种立体或区域选择性化学量身定制的细胞底盘。与转录生物传感结合使用时，可以将遗传编码的生物传感器焊接到细胞代谢中，以实现高通量筛选或动态碳通量重新分配，以提供有效的微生物力量。这些技术的融合将在可预见的将来将绝大多数植物遗传资源转化为具有药用/营养价值的有价值的类黄酮。